...: The dive response is autonomically regulated, but many vertebrates can cognitively control cardiac function depending on the anticipated next dive. Here, we review the cognitive component of the diving response. Diving Breath holding Reflex Cognition Bradycardia Tachycardia Apnoea Ventilation...

.... This study focused on the ontogenetic changes in cardiac responses to respiration in quietly resting, pre-weaned harbour seal pups ( Phoca vitulina ). During periods of quiet rest, breathing became episodic,eupnoea interspersed with periods of apnoea. Little change was observed in respiration (∼35 breaths...

... hypoxia Plethodontidae Desmognathus fuscus metabolic rate salamander buccal pump hypoxic ventilatory response apnoea Adult salamanders of the family Plethodontidae are lungless; the only surfaces available for the exchange of respiratory gases are the skin and the inside surfaces...

...R. D. Andrews; D. R. Jones; J. D. Williams; P. H. Thorson; G. W. Oliver; D. P. Costa; B. J. Le Boeuf ABSTRACT Heart rates of northern elephant seals diving at sea and during apnoea on land were monitored to test whether a cardiac response to submergence is an important factor in their ability...