.... Animal locomotion Balance Biomechanics Vertebrate tail Japan Society for the Promotion of Science http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001691 202020494 Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004199 Okinawa Institute of Science...

... among flying species showing divergent habitat specialization (see Goodman et al., 2008 , for an example in lizards). The evolution of animal locomotion is mainly driven by selection on the ability to perform fitness-related tasks such as escaping from predators, finding mates or defending...

... of these methods can directly and automatically reconstruct the wing surface at high resolution. Animal locomotion High speed Single shot Structured light Surface reconstruction Wing morphing Summary: Demonstration of a new high-speed structured-light technique that can automatically record...

...Oliver P. Dewhirst; Kyle Roskilly; Tatjana Y. Hubel; Neil R. Jordan; Krystyna A. Golabek; J. Weldon McNutt; Alan M. Wilson ABSTRACT Changes in stride frequency and length with speed are key parameters in animal locomotion research. They are commonly measured in a laboratory on a treadmill...

..., USA * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 24 5 2011 © 2011. 2011 animal locomotion differential strain muscle physiology Determining the mechanical function of large locomotor muscles is challenging because these muscles may have regional variation...

... ) raised to the power 1/6, in accordance with the constructal scaling of animal locomotion. The world records also show that the speeds have increased in proportion with body heights ( H )raised to the power 1/2, in accordance with animal locomotion scaling. If the athlete's body is modeled with two length...

...{document} , and shows why these relations hold for running, flying and swimming. Animal locomotion is an optimized two-step intermittency: an optimal balance is achieved between the vertical loss of useful energy (lifting the body weight,which later drops), and the horizontal loss caused by friction...

... joint mobility. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 6 8 2003 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2003 2003 kinematics animal locomotion vertical climbing spatio-temporal gait parameters primates orang-utans Pongo pygmaeus abelii Vertical...

.... Therefore it is incorrect and potentially misleading to assume that achieving kinematic similarity in models of measured animal locomotion will necessarily provide dynamically correct models. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 14 7 2003 © The Company of Biologists...