.../user-licence-1-1/ Allometry Cetaceans Ecophysiology Heat loss Thermoregulation UAV photogrammetry The Company of Biologists Travelling Fellowship JEBTF2110607 Erasmus+ for Traineeships Erasmus+ for Traineeships Erasmus+ for Traineeships...

...% of a shrew cardiomyocyte – space unavailable for myofibrils – it is unclear how small mammals generate enough contractile force to pump blood into circulation. Here, we investigated whether the total number or volume of cardiomyocytes in the left ventricle compensates for allometry-related volume shifts...

..., largely owing to a decline in oxygen supply relative to demand. To shed light on these ideas, we examined metabolic allometry in 130 rainbow trout ranging from 12 to 358 g under control conditions (17°C) and in response to acute heating (to 25°C), with and without supplemental oxygen (100% versus 150% air...

...-feeding bugs have evolved enlarged cibarial pumps capable of generating enormous negative pressures. A previous study examining the allometry of this feeding model suggested that small xylem feeders pay relatively higher energetic costs while feeding, favouring the evolution of larger-bodied species...

... disproportionally larger. Muscle force Elastic force Buccal mass Allometry Micro-CT Biting Swallowing Slow movement National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 DBI 2015317) UK Research and Innovation MR/T046619/1 Royal Society http://dx.doi.org...

... 1.3 (larger exponent than isometric scaling of 1.0) and muscle fiber length scales with negative allometry with body mass 0.1 (smaller exponent than isometric scaling of 0.33). Based on the known relationship between architecture and function, these results suggest that human muscles place a premium...

.... Glossary Adaptive variation Differences in structure and function brought about over evolutionary times by adapation to specific environments or behaviors. Allometric variation Difference in structure or function because of body size. Allometry Disproportionate scaling of structures...

.... In contrast, D. virilis exhibits much smaller wings relative to their body size compared with the other species and this is reflected in the intercept of the wing-to-tibia allometry. We then asked whether the evolution of this relationship could be explained by changes in a specific cis -regulatory region...

.... Highlighted Article: Examination of ontogenetic scaling of morphology and locomotion in sidewinder rattlesnakes provides evidence for several significant relationships among morphology, kinematics and whole-animal speed. Allometry Biomechanics Body size Individual variation Locomotion Squamates...

... frequency and length. Small-bodied crouched animals primarily regulate speed through changes in stride frequency, while large-bodied arboreal species modulate stride length. Allometry Locomotion Arboreal Posture Velocity Tetrapods New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic...

... microspheres, is approximately two times higher in laying hens than in non-laying hens and roosters. Blood flow values were related to foramen sizes. Allometry Bone blood flow Microsphere infusion Calcium mobilization Metabolic rate Nutrient foramen Australian Research Council http...

... mammals. Immunology Leukocytes Life history Flight Allometry Chiroptera Scaling Powered flight has evolved at least three times in the evolutionary history of vertebrates and yet is one of the most energetically costly modes of transportation ( Rayner, 1988 ). Birds and bats experience...

.... Allometry Biological significance Body size scaling Logarithms Proportions Statistics The magnitude of many biological structures and processes relates strongly to organismal size. Simply knowing how big an organism is can tell us much about what it looks like and how it functions. Therefore...

... species of lizards, helodermatids, varanids and skinks (which are mainly active foragers) have relatively high maximal aerobic capacity during forced exercise ( V̇ O 2 ,max V̇ O 2 ,max ), whereas viviparous species have relatively low V̇ O 2 ,max V̇ O 2 ,max . Aerobic capacity Allometry...

... . 10.1007/s00442-017-4056-4 Bokma , F. ( 2004 ). Evidence against universal metabolic allometry . Funct. Ecol.   18 , 184 - 187 . 10.1111/j.0269-8463.2004.00817.x Brown , J. H. , Enquist , B. J. and West , G. B. ( 1997 ). Allometric scaling laws in biology . Science...

... represents a new context for evaluating limits to force production by flying animals. Allometry Flight Load lifting Maximum performance Trajectory kinematics Limits to maximum flight performance may derive independently from anatomical, physiological and aerodynamic constraints on animals...

... −0.63 . This allometry was present regardless of whether the fish were ectothermic or endothermic, and was an extension of the relationship observed in previous studies on small fish. Thus, large fish have the advantage of body temperature stability while moving in environments with large temperature...

... in intact colonies (5–21 cm) of branching corals. Scleractinia Ocean acidification Allometry Together with climate change (i.e. rising temperature), ocean acidification (OA) threatens tropical reef corals ( Hoegh-Guldberg et al., 2007 ), with effects that augment other anthropogenic...

...' Choice: An extremely small mammal, Mus mattheyi , exhibits lower cellular oxygen consumption and higher mitochondrial efficiency than predicted from allometric trends, generating more cellular energy per oxygen molecule to ensure its homeostasis. Mus Oxidative phosphorylation Allometry...

... transport Ants Allometry The locomotion of animals can be described as a succession of strides that follows a specific inter-leg coordination pattern called gait ( Alexander, 2003 ). In hexapod animals such as insects the most common gait is the alternating tripod ( Delcomyn, 1981 ), in which...