Issues
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Cover image
Cover Image
Cover: The Eurasian nuthatch and many other songbirds rely on seeds as a major food source. Seed cracking is considered one of the most sophisticated tasks of the beak, and we still know little about which beak movements songbirds use to position, crack and dehusk seeds. Mielke and Van Wassenbergh (jeb244360) tested functional hypotheses about beak movement during seed processing in a granivorous songbird (Serinus canaria), showing that their beak performs extremely fast and complex three-dimensional movements. This adds novel insights to our knowledge on diet-related functional adaptation in songbirds. Photo credit: Maja Mielke.
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INSIDE JEB
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Coping with captivity: takeoff speed and load-lifting capacity are unaffected by substantial changes in body condition for a passerine bird
Summary: Eurasian tree sparrows exposed to varying durations of captivity stress maintain relatively stable maximum flight performance despite experiencing dramatic changes in both internal milieu and external environment.
Bats actively modulate membrane compliance to control camber and reduce drag
Editor's choice: Temporary paralysis of wing-skin-embedded muscles in bats significantly increases wing-membrane camber, reduces preferred flight speed and prevents very slow flight, highlighting their role in control, efficiency and expanding the flight envelope.
RESEARCH ARTICLES
Inside the coupling of ladybird beetle elytra: elastic setae can facilitate swift deployment
Summary: In ladybird beetles (Coccinella septempunctata), setae on the internal edge of elytra coupling store energy, functioning as springs, and thus play an essential role in rapid elytra deployment.
Patterns of single limb forces during terrestrial and arboreal locomotion in rosy-faced lovebirds (Psittaciformes: Agapornis roseicollis)
Summary: Bipedal walking in parrots (Agapornis roseicollis) is associated with the adoption of a sidling gait, decoupling the leading and trailing limb into distinct functional roles (exclusively braking and propulsive, respectively).
The influence of stochastic temperature fluctuations in shaping the physiological performance of the California mussel, Mytilus californianus
Highlighted Article: Mussels acclimated to an unpredictable thermal regime produce different physiological performance in terms of energy stores, metabolic capacity, and thermal performance in comparison to mussels acclimated to a predictable thermal regime.
Three-dimensional movement of the beak during seed processing in domestic canaries
Summary: Domestic canaries apply specific 3D movements of their upper and lower beaks during the various phases of seed processing; this includes extremely fast open–close frequencies during phases of seed positioning.
Decapod egg membranes: powerful barriers or regulatory structures?
Summary: Decapod crustacean eggs are not completely isolated by their membranes, which may selectively transport ions to an intra-membrane space. Evidence of osmoregulation indicates an active role of membranes.
Dual spring force couples yield multifunctionality and ultrafast, precision rotation in tiny biomechanical systems
Highlighted Article: Trap-jaw ant strikes reveal how tiny elastic systems can rotate precisely at exceedingly high accelerations while retaining slow, multi-degrees of freedom movement.
CORRECTIONS
New funding schemes for junior faculty staff

In celebration of our 100th anniversary, JEB has launched two new grants to support junior faculty staff working in animal comparative physiology and biomechanics who are within five years of setting up their first lab/research group. Check out our ECR Visiting Fellowships and Research Partnership Kickstart Travel Grants.
JEB@100: an interview with Monitoring Editor Stuart Egginton

Stuart Egginton reveals how he overcame the challenges of being a comparative physiologist in a medical school and how he would tell his younger self to trust his instincts when pursuing new ideas.
Travelling Fellowships from JEB

Our Travelling Fellowships offer up to £3,000 to graduate students and post-doctoral researchers wishing to make collaborative visits to other laboratories. Next deadline to apply is 27 October 2023
Feedforward and feedback control in the neuromechanics

Auke J. Ijspeert and Monica A. Daley provide an overview of key knowledge gained from comparative vertebrate experiments and insights obtained from neuromechanical simulations and robotic approaches. Read the full Centenary Review Article here.
Light fine-tunes electric fish pulses to keep them in the shade

Weakly electric fish perceive their surroundings through electric chirrups and now Ana Camargo & colleagues have revealed that light fine-tunes the fish's electric pulses to ensure that they remain scheduled beneath the mats of vegetation they use for shelter, avoiding penetrating beams of light that could give them away.