Issues

Summary: Drawing on our own experience over the past decade with the Aedes aegypti mosquito, we present a series of steps that scientists can take to make non-model species tractable for mechanistic genetic investigation.

Summary: We review both experimental and computational approaches useful when studying enhancers in non-traditional model insects. We discuss pros and cons of each approach and key points when applying them to new species.

Summary: A review of our understanding of the origins of the olfactory system in insects, the mechanisms of olfactory receptor fate determination, and the extraordinary diversity of behavioral responses to chemical cues.

Summary: Chemical adaptation of animals to new niches has been contingent on the widespread, convergent evolution of exocrine glands. We propose a molecular evolutionary framework for this crucible of metazoan cell type innovation.

Summary: This Review summarizes progress in the application of functional genomic tools in lamprey embryos to provide insight into the evolution of developmental mechanisms in vertebrates.

Summary: Using functional genomics tools to study the convergent evolution of behavior allows a better understanding of genotype–phenotype relationships and how behavior evolves and diversifies.

Summary:Astyanax mexicanus is an excellent model system for examining the genetic basis of complex traits. This Review discusses how gene editing tools can be used to further understand how behaviors evolve.

Summary: Summary of interpopulation variation in seasonal reproduction of the three-spined stickleback and recent progress in our understanding of the physiological basis of seasonal reproduction in this species.

Summary: Turquoise killifish constitute a new powerful vertebrate model system in the biology of aging, with their short natural lifespan and a broad spectrum of aging phenotypes.

Summary: Songbirds such as the zebra finch are powerful models in which to investigate neural and genomic mechanisms of complex learned behavior. Genomic manipulation is a powerful tool to advance these inquiries.

Summary: Parasitic nematodes cause devastating diseases affecting billions of people. We describe new technical advances that are providing long-overdue insights into the biology of these pathogens.

Summary: Gene drives are an important emerging technology. This review discusses the current state of gene drive technologies for vector-borne disease control and their performance and safety features.

Summary: Genome editing could complement traditional livestock genetic improvement programs by fixing favorable alleles, introducing useful genetic variation and accelerating the rate of genetic gain.

Summary: A review of >1200 identified coding mutations underlying domestication and natural evolution uncovers knowledge biases, shows that null mutations are prevalent and provides insights for successful genome editing.

Summary: Incorporating CRISPR genome editing of butterflies and frogs into undergraduate laboratory courses allows for inquiry-based learning and genuine scientific experiences.