It is well known that various animals in hay infusions appear and disappear in a regular sequence. With a view to ascertain how far the hydrogen-ion concentration of the medium is concerned in this matter, about 20 infusions made with hay and water from different sources have been kept under close observation, their pH and the state of some of the important organisms inhabiting them being examined periodically. The salt content of the medium has a considerable influence on both the hydrogen-ion concentration and on the metabolism of organisms; the culture fluids were titrated in order to determine the “alkali reserve* when the pH determinations were made. Peters (1906 and 1907) and Fine (1912) also examined the “phenolphthalein acidity” and “methyl-orange alkalinity,” or the “titratable acidity” of hay infusions, which, as they themselves recognise, is not a correct expression of the concentration of hydrogen ions with...

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