This 1951 JEB classic paper, written at the dawn of the Golden Age of biology by Viking physiologists August Krogh and Torkel Weis-Fogh, was a collaboration between two men at opposite ends of their careers(Krogh and Weis-Fogh, 1951). August Krogh, the only comparative respiratory physiologist to earn a Nobel Prize, mentored Weis-Fogh during the last years of his life, and died before the publication of this paper. Among biologists, Krogh is most famous for a concept that is widely applied even today (Editorial, Nature Genetics34, 345-346, 2003); that for a large number of problems, nature has provided an animal of choice on which it can be most easily studied. This was only Torkel Weis-Fogh's third paper in a series that have all become classics in the fields of flight physiology and biomechanics. Weis-Fogh (1949) had previously shown that it was possible to induce locusts to fly...

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