... epithelial cells require cullin-5–RING–E3-ubiquitin-ligase complexes (Cul5-CRLs) to prevent transformation by a Src–Cas signaling pathway. Removal of Cul5 stimulates growth-factor-independent growth and migration, membrane dynamics and colony dysmorphogenesis, which are all dependent on the endogenous...

... fibroblasts (HDFs), which are typically difficult to transform. We have previously shown that the bovine papillomavirus E5 protein, through its ability to crosslink and constitutively activate the PDGFβR, induces morphological transformation, enhanced growth and loss of contact inhibition (focus formation...

... of mutated RAS were decreased in cells with reduced ERK activity as a result of APC overexpression, indicating that APC regulates RAS-induced ERK activation at least partly by reduction of the RAS protein level. APC regulates cellular proliferation and transformation induced by activation of both RAS and β...

...). One of the fundamental attributes of malignantly transformed cells is anchorage-independent growth, which is exemplified by their ability to form multicellular colonies within non-adhesive 3D substrata such as soft agar or agarose. When grown in agarose gels under control conditions for 14 days, 51.7...

... by influencing the RhoA-ROCK pathway that controls contractile actin filament assembly, the STAT family of transcription factors needed for transformation, and the Cbl ubiquitin ligase that controls Src protein levels. These studies also shed light on the role of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) downstream of v-Src...

... that CBEL is involved in cell wall deposition in Phytophthora . Reverse genetics in oomycetes has long been hampered by their diploid nature and difficulties in transformation and regeneration. The gene inactivation approach reported in this work provides the first direct evidence for intrinsic functions...

...Fiamma Mantovani; Paola Massimi; Lawrence Banks The Dlg tumour suppressor protein is intimately involved in the control of cell contact and polarity. Previous studies have shown that hDlg is a target for a number of viral transforming proteins. In particular, the high risk human papillomavirus (HPV...

... 2001 Breast cancer ErbBs Phosphorylation PPARγ Transformation Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor gene superfamily ( Mangelsdorf and Evans, 1995 ). The regulation of gene expression is exerted by the receptors...

... and myotubularin homology domains, implying that growth inhibition may be an intrinsic property of wild-type Sbf1. Conversely, deletion of its conserved N-terminal 44 amino acids alone was sufficient to convert Sbf1 from an inhibitor of cellular growth to a transforming protein in NIH 3T3 cells. Oncogenic forms...

... of anchorage-independent growth in soft agar and cell proliferation rate was not affected. Thus, cadherin loss does not induce transformation, despite inducing an invasive phenotype, a later stage of tumor progression. These experiments are especially relevant to tumor progression in cells with altered E...

... 06 04 2000 19 02 2000 © 2000 by Company of Biologists 2000 CDK2 Cyclin Coiled body Nucleolus Transformation Cajal bodies (CBs; also known as ‘coiled’ bodies, see Gall et al., 1999 ) are nuclear organelles whose morphology and composition have been conserved from...

...Alex P. Vassilev; Hanne H. Rasmussen; Erik I. Christensen; Søren Nielsen; Julio E. Celis ABSTRACT The levels and distribution of ubiquitinated histone H2A (uH2A) have been studied in normal and transformed human cells using a monoclonal antibody (mAb E6C5) that reacts specifically...

...Y. A. Lazebnik; A. Takahashi; G. G. Poirier; S. H. Kaufmann; W. C. Earnshaw ABSTRACT Apoptotic cell death is characterized by a dramatic morphological transformation during which apparently healthy cells suddenly initiate a comprehensive program of motility changes and degradative activities...

... compared to those expressing p185 neuN . The effects of p185 neuN and p185 neuT expression on cell transformation depend on cell type. Expression of both p185 neuN and p185 neuT increases anchorage-independent growth of 31E cells, but only p185 neuT induces anchorage-independent growth of NIH 3T3...

...Junya Tanaka; Tatsuo Watanabe; Norimasa Nakamura; Kenji Sobue ABSTRACT The expression and intracellular distribution of four contractile proteins (actin, myosin, caldesmon and tropomyosin) in normal fibroblasts and their transformed counterparts by Rous or avian sarcoma virus were compared...

...J. Russo; L. Tait; I. H. Russo ABSTRACT The present work describes the morphological pattern of c-Ha-ras-transformed MCF-10A cells. This immortalized human breast epithelial cell line was transfected utilizing the calcium phosphate technique with pHo6 containing the neomycin-resistant gene alone...

...Mitsuse Okamoto-Inoue; Shuntchiro Taniguchi; Hiroyuki Sad Ano; Toyokazu Kawano; Genki Kimura; Giulio Gabbiani; Tsuneo Baba ABSTRACT Expression of actin was examined in a cultured rat embryonic cell line 3Y1 and transformed cell lines that originated from 3Y1. An α -actin in addition to cytoplasmic...

...). Primary cultures from sweat glands of four CF and four non-CF and from nasal polyps of one non-CF and two CF individuals were transformed using a chimaeric virus, Ad5/SV40 1613 ori − . The extended lifespans ranged from 20 to more than 250 population doublings beyond that of the primary cultures. Despite...

... into primary mouse kidney cells or Rat-1 cells using the calcium phosphate technique and stable transformants were isolated after selection with G418. Transcription from the metallothionein promoter was inducible with heavy metals and produced an oncomodulin-specific mRNA. The presence of oncomodulin protein...

...Stephen G. Grant; Ronald G. Worton ABSTRACT Treatment with 5-azacytidine, a potent inhibitor of DNA methylation, was used to induce activation of the selectable hprt gene on the inactive X chromosome in a diploid female Chinese hamster cell line. The transformed, stably diploid cell line F3B...