... is tightly controlled, and the Z-disc diameter is equal for all sarcomeres in a muscle ( Reedy and Beall, 1993a ; Spletter et al., 2018 ). There are two types of Zasp isoforms, ‘growing’ isoforms with LIM domains and ‘blocking’ isoforms without LIM domains. Later during myofibril development, the blocking...

...+ signalling Myosin-binding protein C Sarcomere Ryanodine receptor Sarcoplasmic reticulum Excitation–contraction coupling British Heart Foundation 10.13039/501100000274 FS/15/30/31494 Cardiac muscle excitation–contraction coupling, where the electrical depolarisation stimulus...

... of Tmod4 and Lmod3 during Xenopus skeletal myofibrillogenesis. Loss of Tmod4 or Lmod3 resulted in severe disruption of sarcomere assembly and impaired embryonic movement. Remarkably, when Tmod4-deficient embryos were supplemented with additional Lmod3, and Lmod3-deficient embryos were supplemented...

...Juan J. Pérez-Moreno; Marcus Bischoff; Maria D. Martín-Bermudo; Beatriz Estrada ABSTRACT Muscle differentiation requires the assembly of high-order structures called myofibrils, composed of sarcomeres. Even though the molecular organization of sarcomeres is well known, the mechanisms underlying...

... resulting in loss of the extreme C-terminal SH3 domain of nebulin suggests an important role of the nebulin SH3 domain, which is further supported by the recent demonstration of its role in IGF-1-induced sarcomeric actin filament formation through targeting of N-WASP to the Z-line. To provide further...

...Zacharias Orfanos; John C. Sparrow Summary During muscle development myosin molecules form symmetrical thick filaments, which integrate with the thin filaments to produce the regular sarcomeric lattice. In Drosophila indirect flight muscles (IFMs) the details of this process can be studied using...

...Maria I. Ferrante; Rebecka M. Kiff; David A. Goulding; Derek L. Stemple In striated muscle, the basic contractile unit is the sarcomere, which comprises myosin-rich thick filaments intercalated with thin filaments made of actin, tropomyosin and troponin. Troponin is required to regulate Ca 2...

..., in addition to its sarcomeric localization, CHAP was also able to translocate to the nucleus. CHAP was associated with filamentous actin in the cytoplasm and the nucleus when expressed ectopically in vitro, but in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes, CHAP disrupted the subcellular localization of α-actinin, another Z...

...Aneta Skwarek-Maruszewska; Pirta Hotulainen; Pieta K. Mattila; Pekka Lappalainen In contrast to the highly dynamic actin cytoskeleton in non-muscle cells, actin filaments in muscle sarcomeres are thought to be relatively stable and undergo dynamics only at their ends. However, many proteins...

...) was greater in K19 –/– samples (B,C) than in controls (A). Mitochondria accumulated in the subsarcolemmal gap to moderate (B) or large (C) extents in mutant but not in control (A) muscle. Sarcomeres in the mutant appeared unchanged. (D) Distances between neighboring Z-disks in adjacent myofibrils were...

...-dependent pathway at the level of the acetylcholine receptor or ryanodine receptor did not disrupt slow fibre number, elongation or migration but affected myofibril organisation. In mutants lacking functional acetylcholine receptors myofibre length increased and sarcomere length decreased significantly. We...

... (GFP) in a variety of embryonic, larval and adult fly tissues. We found that each actin was able to integrate into most actin structures analysed. For example, in contrast to studies in mammalian cells, the two Drosophila cytoplasmic actins were incorporated into muscle sarcomeres. However, there were...

... Heart Mitosis Sarcomere Myofibril Development The contractile tissue of the heart is composed of individual cells, the cardiomyocytes. To ensure proper function, two multiprotein cytoskeletal complexes have to be assembled correctly, the myofibrils and the intercalated disks. The myofibrils...

...Stephan Lange; Daniel Auerbach; Patricia McLoughlin; Evelyne Perriard; Beat W. Schäfer; Jean-Claude Perriard; Elisabeth Ehler During sarcomere contraction skeletal and cardiac muscle cells consume large amounts of energy. To satisfy this demand, metabolic enzymes are associated with distinct...

... of Biologists 2000 Contractile apparatus LIM domain Muscle Sarcomere Spectrin Muscle LIM protein (MLP) is a positive regulator of myogenic differentiation that was first identified in a molecular screen searching for genes that become transcriptionally upregulated as a result of skeletal...

.... The prosomes progressively form discontinuous punctate structures which eventually develop a pseudo-sarcomeric banding pattern. In myotubes just formed in vitro, the formation of this pattern seems to preceed that produced by the muscle-specific sarcomeric α-actin. Interestingly, this pattern of prosomes...

... able to incorporate into the I-band of NRCs. When TM-4 was co-transfected with other low molecular weight (LMW) isoforms of TM (TM-5, TM-5a and TM-5b), it was able to incorporate into sarcomeres of NRCs. This result was not obtained when TM-4 was co-transfected with high molecular weight (HMW) TMs (TM...

... characterized the domains in each of these two proteins which are required for targeting the proteins to their native site(s) in the sarcomere during myogenesis. Cultures of skeletal muscle myoblasts were transfected with expression plasmids encoding mutant constructs of the MyBPs bearing an N-terminal myc...

... frequency and arrhythmias survive. Third, the sarcomeric architecture is incomplete and disarranged in the absence of β 1 integrin. Fourth, β 1 -deficient embryonic stem cells can contribute to the developing heart in chimaeric mice but many areas with β 1 -null cells contain cell debris. The number of β 1...

...Mathias Gautel; David Goulding; Belinda Bullard; Klaus Weber; Dieter O. Fürst ABSTRACT The giant sarcomeric protein titin (also described as connectin) is composed mainly of immunoglobulin (Ig)-like and fibronectin type III (fn3)-like domains arranged consecutively. At both ends of the molecule...