... comparable to that observed in individuals with FRDA. These FRDA-like astrocytes display some typical features of the disease, such as an increase of oxidative stress and a depletion of glutathione content. Moreover, FRDA-like astrocytes exhibit decreased Ca 2+ responses to purinergic stimuli. Our findings...

... exhibit defects in mitochondrial morphology and inheritance. During oxidative stress dysfunctional mitochondria are immobilized in the mother in wild type cells. Intriguingly, overexpression of ALO1 restores bud-directed transport of mitochondria under these conditions. We propose that Alo1 supports...

... of CIN. Reactive oxygen species were increased in fibroblasts from aged mice, which was accompanied with mitochondrial functional decline, indicating that they are under oxidative stress. Intriguingly, antioxidant treatments reduced chromosome missegregation and micronucleation rates in cells from aged...

... that the E3 ubiquitin–protein ligase RNF144a promotes the degradation of VRK3 via polyubiquitylation and thus affects VRK3-mediated ERK activity. Under oxidative stress, VRK3 migrates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, which increases its chance of interacting with RNF144a, thereby promoting the degradation...

...Saloni Agarwal; Subramaniam Ganesh ABSTRACT The heat shock response (HSR) is a conserved cellular defensive response against stresses such as temperature, oxidative stress and heavy metals. A significant group of players in the HSR is the set of molecular chaperones known as heat shock proteins...

... advanced our understanding of the biology, physiology and consequences of functional defects in peroxisomes. In this Review, we discuss a cooperative cell defense mechanisms against oxidative stress that involves the localization of BAK (also known as BAK1) to peroxisomes, which alters peroxisomal membrane...

... in cellular ATP levels and mitochondrial respiration are observed in condensin II CAP subunit-deficient cells. Surprisingly, we find that loss of NCAPD3 also sensitizes cells to oxidative stress. Together, these studies identify new, and possibly independent, roles for condensin II CAP subunits in preventing...

... D1 prevents cancer cells from undergoing senescence, at least partially, by keeping the level of intracellular oxidative stress at a tolerable sub-lethal level. Depletion of cyclin D1 promotes the RB-independent pro-senescence pathway and the cancer cells then succumb to the endogenous oxidative...

...Wen Shi; Manuel A. Riquelme; Sumin Gu; Jean X. Jiang ABSTRACT Elevated oxidized stress contributes to lens cataracts, and gap junctions play important roles in maintaining lens transparency. As well as forming gap junctions, connexin (Cx) proteins also form hemichannels. Here, we report a new...

... phosphorylation Oxidative stress Nucleus Cell cortex Annexin A2 (AnxA2) is a multifunctional protein and a member of the annexin superfamily of proteins initially characterised by their Ca 2+ - and lipid-binding properties ( Gerke and Moss, 2002 ; Moss and Morgan, 2004 ; Gerke et al., 2005 ; Singh...

...Alan J. Weids; Chris M. Grant ABSTRACT Peroxiredoxins are ubiquitous thiol-specific proteins that have multiple functions in stress protection, including protection against oxidative stress. Tsa1 is the major yeast peroxiredoxin and we show that it functions as a specific antioxidant to protect...

... pore complex (NPC), form S–S bonds and regulate nuclear transport through the NPC. Kinetic analysis of importin β demonstrated that the permeability of the NPC was increased by dithiothreitol treatment and reduced by oxidative stress. The permeability of small proteins such as GFP was not affected...

... response to oxidative stress, and highlight the importance of such mechanisms in the oocyte in order to protect the embryo from paternally mediated genetic damage. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 12 01 2013 © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd...

... countries. Although pathogenic factors, such as oxidative stress, inflammation and genetics are thought to contribute to the development of AMD, little is known about the relationships and priorities between these factors. Here, we show that chronic photo-oxidative stress is an environmental factor involved...

... activity. We provide evidence that cyclin C relocalization is required for normal mRNA induction of two oxidative-stress-induced genes, CTT1 and DDR2 . However, retaining cyclin C in the nucleus did not significantly reduce the eventual level of induction. These results suggest that the strong...

...Timothy J. Tavender; Neil J. Bulleid Disulphide formation within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) requires the activity of the ER oxidase Ero1, and as a consequence, generates hydrogen peroxide. The production of hydrogen peroxide is thought to lead to oxidative stress that ultimately results...

... ) 25 8 2009 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2009 2009 Intermediate filaments Keratin 8 Keratin 18 Cytoprotection Mitochondria Liver injury Apoptosis Cytochrome c release Oxidative stress Intermediate filaments (IFs), actin-containing microfilaments and microtubules...

.... Alternatively, the increased oxidative stress seen when cells are exposed to this fragment may be due to a mis-association of the fragment or the remaining oligomeric species. Furthermore, despite the differences in intracellular ROS production when PrP23-89 P26/28A was applied with 1 molar equivalent copper...

... by pharmacological inhibitors blocked PKD1 activation under oxidative stress. To date it has been viewed that monosaturated and saturated DAG formed via PLD1 have no signaling function. However, our data describe a role for PLD1-induced DAG as a competent second messenger at the mitochondria that relays ROS to PKD1...

... and are in dynamic equilibrium with translating polysomes. Mammalian Staufen 1 (Stau1) is a ubiquitous double-stranded RNA-binding protein associated with polysomes. Here, we show that Stau1 is recruited to stress granules upon induction of endoplasmic reticulum or oxidative stress as well in stress granules induced...