... chromosomal rearrangements and DNA damage. Nuclear blebs (i.e. herniations of the nuclear envelope) can be induced by (1) nuclear compression, (2) nuclear migration (e.g. cancer metastasis), (3) actin contraction, (4) lamin mutation or depletion, and (5) heterochromatin enzyme inhibition. Recent work has...

... into constitutive heterochromatin, which protect genome integrity and cell identity. De novo formation of heterochromatin during preimplantation development is an essential step for preserving the ground-state of pluripotency and the self-renewal capacity of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, the molecular...

... on cell proliferation. In contrast, Ki-67 is important for localising nucleolar material to the mitotic chromosome periphery and for structuring perinucleolar heterochromatin, and emerging data indicate that it also has critical roles in cancer development. However, its mechanisms of action have not yet...

... Heterochromatin Medical Research Council MR/N010558/1 Wellcome Trust http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010269 204697/Z/16/Z Ministry of Education, Youth and Science http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003335 OPVVV/0000759 The nucleus is delineated by a double lipid...

... compaction. We find that its depletion induces a decompaction of pericentromeric heterochromatin, which is similar to what is observed upon the knockdown of HP1β (also known as CBX1), a key factor of the heterochromatin structure. We show that PA28γ is present at HP1β-containing repetitive DNA sequences...

... and prevents maturation towards the hypertrophic state. Mechanistically, hydrostatic pressure reduces the amount of trimethylated H3K9 (K3K9me3)-marked constitutive heterochromatin and concomitantly increases H3K27me3-marked facultative heterochromatin. Reduced levels of H3K9me3 attenuates expression of pre...

... regions. Paradoxically, heterochromatin can also antagonize de novo centromere formation, and some centromeres lack it altogether. In order to investigate the importance of heterochromatin at centromeres, we used epigenetic engineering of a synthetic alphoid tetO human artificial chromosome (HAC...

...Kelly L. Dunlevy; Valentina Medvedeva; Jade E. Wilson; Mohammed Hoque; Trinity Pellegrin; Adam Maynard; Madison M. Kremp; Jason S. Wasserman; Andrey Poleshko; Richard A. Katz ABSTRACT A large fraction of epigenetically silent heterochromatin is anchored to the nuclear periphery via ‘tethering...

... show here that the parthenotes/zygotes derived from enucleolated oocytes exhibited abnormal heterochromatin formation around parental pericentromeric DNAs, which led to a significant mitotic delay and frequent chromosome mis-segregation upon the first mitotic division. A proteomic analysis identified...

... reprogramming have suggested that the group of macroH2A histone variants might function through stabilizing the differentiated state by a yet unknown mechanism. Here, we present results demonstrating that macroH2A variants have a major function in maintaining nuclear organization and heterochromatin...

... organisation in interphase nuclei of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana in which heterochromatin clusters in conspicuous chromatin domains called chromocentres. Chromocentres form a repressive chromatin environment contributing to transcriptional silencing of repeated sequences, a general mechanism needed...

... in the regulation of chromatin structure in the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila . Jub6p forms sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-resistant aggregates when it is ectopically expressed in vegetative cells and binds to RNA in vitro . Jub6p is a heterochromatin component and is important for the formation...

... Ltd 2016 Summary: Long double-stranded RNAs are differentially expressed and distributed during nuclear differentiation to affect small RNA production and DNA rearrangements in Tetrahymena . Ciliates Genome rearrangements dsRNA RNAi Heterochromatin Ministry of Science...

... is controlled at pericentric heterochromatin (PHC). Whereas in euchromatin newly synthesized H2A and H2A.Z are deposited throughout the cell cycle, we reveal two discrete waves of deposition at PHC – during mid to late S phase in a replication-dependent manner for H2A and during G1 phase for H2A.Z. This G1 cell...

... interaction assays with strong JIL-1 hypomorphic loss-of-function alleles have demonstrated that the JIL-1 protein can counterbalance the effect of the major heterochromatin components on position-effect variegation (PEV) and gene silencing. However, it is unclear whether this was a causative effect...

... heterochromatinization, resulting in cell cycle arrest. Taken together, our data demonstrate the role of a novel heterochromatin-associated protein in transcriptional repression. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 2 6 2011 © 2011. 2011 BEND3 Heterochromatin...

... regulated by the histone deacetylase Rpd3. * Authors for correspondence ( [email protected] ; [email protected] ) 2 3 2011 © 2011. 2011 Telomere Rpd3 Heterochromatin Histone acetylation Histone H3K9 trimethylation HP2 Eukaryotic linear chromosomes have evolved...

...Tuempong Wongtawan; Jane E. Taylor; Kirstie A. Lawson; Ian Wilmut; Sari Pennings We report here that the formation of heterochromatin in cell nuclei during mouse development is characterised by dynamic changes in the epigenetic modifications of histones. Our observations reveal that heterochromatin...

..., the degenerating muscles in mute mutants show aberrant localisation of heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1). We further show a genetic interaction between mute and the Stem-loop binding protein ( Slbp ) and a loss of muscle striations in Lsm11 mutants. These data demonstrate a novel role of HLB components and histone...

...-1 p180, the largest subunit of Drosophila CAF-1, participates in the process of heterochromatin formation and functions to maintain pericentric heterochromatin stability. We provide evidence that Drosophila CAF-1 p180 plays a role in both classes of position effect variegation (PEV...