... and pathological processes, such as blood coagulation, neurodegeneration, cell–cell fusion and viral infection. However, the mechanisms through which it regulates these processes remain largely elusive. Using endothelial cell-mediated angiogenesis as a model, here we report a previously unknown intracellular...

... disease in a genetically tractable system. Highlighted Article: By using the human iPSC system to study neutrophil motility, we show that the actin regulator ARPC1B in both neutrophils and endothelium drives neutrophil motility. Migration Neutrophil Endothelial cells Arp2/3 PLB-985 cells...

... or UBE2D2 in endothelial cells caused a rise in steady-state VEGFR2 levels. This rise in plasma membrane VEGFR2 levels impacted on VEGF-A-stimulated signalling, with increased activation of canonical MAPK, phospholipase Cγ1 and Akt pathways. Analysis of biosynthetic VEGFR2 is consistent with a role...

... of biomechanical properties of the cellular environment in Notch signaling in general is still poorly understood. During angiogenesis, differentiation of endothelial cells into tip and stalk cells is regulated by Notch signaling, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix occurs. We investigated the influence...

...Francois Chesnais; Jonas Hue; Errin Roy; Marco Branco; Ruby Stokes; Aize Pellon; Juliette Le Caillec; Eyad Elbahtety; Matteo Battilocchi; Davide Danovi; Lorenzo Veschini ABSTRACT Endothelial cells (ECs) are heterogeneous across and within tissues, reflecting distinct, specialised functions. EC...

... in which human endothelial cells were cultured in a tube-like lumen in a collagen-1 matrix. The vessels are leak tight, creating a barrier for molecules and leukocytes. Addition of inflammatory cytokine TNF-α (also known as TNF) caused vasoconstriction, actin remodelling and upregulation of ICAM-1...

...Kiyomi Tsuji-Tamura; Saori Morino-Koga; Shingo Suzuki; Minetaro Ogawa ABSTRACT Elongation of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) is an important process in angiogenesis; however, the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. The actin-crosslinking protein TAGLN (transgelin, also known as SM22 or SM22α...

...) and macropinocytosis (MP), whereas in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) internalisation occurs via CME. We further show that hESCs are devoid of MP, which becomes functional upon differentiation towards endothelial cells through mesoderm mediators. Our results reveal, for the first time, that MP is an internalisation...

... modulate endothelial cell structure and function. Finally, we discuss the pathological ramifications of the biophysical properties of the vascular BM and highlight the potential of mimicking BM topography to improve the design of implantable endovascular devices and advance the burgeoning field of vascular...

...Paul D. Upton; John E. S. Park; Patricia M. De Souza; Rachel J. Davies; Mark J. D. Griffiths; Stephen J. Wort; Nicholas W. Morrell ABSTRACT Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) and BMP10 are circulating ligands that mediate endothelial cell (EC) protection via complexes of the type I receptor ALK1...

...Shanshan Qin; Dan N. Predescu; Monal Patel; Patrick Drazkowski; Balaji Ganesh; Sanda A. Predescu ABSTRACT The sex-biased disease pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by the proliferation and overgrowth of dysfunctional pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs). During...

.... Exploiting mechanically tunable nano-patterned substrates, and peptidomimetic ligands designed to selectively bind corresponding integrins, we report that focal adhesions (FAs) of endothelial cells assembled on α 5 β 1 integrin-selective substrates rapidly recruit α v β 3 integrins, but not vice versa...

... of TNF receptor superfamily members, such as the lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR), and is implicated in pathological angiogenesis associated with chronic inflammation and cancer. Here, we identify a previously unrecognized role of the LTβR–NIK axis during inflammatory activation of human endothelial cells...

.... Additionally, PDGF-D induced translocation of NRP1 to cell–cell junctions in endothelial cells, independently of PDGFRβ, altering the availability of NRP1 for VEGF-A–VEGFR2 signaling. PDGF-D showed differential effects on pericyte behavior in ex vivo sprouting assays compared to PDGF-B. Furthermore, PDGF-D...

... studied in monocytic cells, but much less is known about those formed in other lineages. In this study, we characterise podosomes in capillary-derived microvascular endothelial cells. We identify two types of podosomes: constitutive podosomes that form in the absence of specific stimulation and induced...

...Andreas Benn; Clara Bredow; Isabel Casanova; Slobodan Vukičević; Petra Knaus ABSTRACT Several vascular disorders, such as aberrant angiogenesis, atherosclerosis and pulmonary hypertension, have been linked to dysfunctional BMP signaling. Vascular hyperpermeability via distortion of endothelial cell...

...Hiyori Abiko; Sachiko Fujiwara; Kazumasa Ohashi; Ryuichi Hiatari; Toshiya Mashiko; Naoya Sakamoto; Masaaki Sato; Kensaku Mizuno Cyclic stretch is an artificial model of mechanical force loading, which induces the reorientation of vascular endothelial cells and their stress fibers in a direction...

..., the mechanisms that regulate the decision to disassemble or to grow nascent adhesions are not fully understood. Here we show that, in endothelial cells, 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) promotes focal adhesion (FA) turnover by controlling endocytosis of integrin αvβ3 in a PI3K-dependent...

... no competing or financial interests. 23 05 2014 1 12 2014 © 2015. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2015 Cell adhesion Endothelial cells Inflammation Leukocyte trafficking Chronic inflammatory diseases are characterized by inappropriate and unregulated infiltration...

...Gong Feng; David P. Sullivan; Fei Han; William A. Muller ABSTRACT The lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) is a reticulum of perijunctional tubulovesicular membrane that is continuous with the plasmalemma of endothelial cells and is essential for efficient transendothelial migration (TEM...