... ploidy or the number of nuclei per cell. However, it is not known whether age-induced polyploidy is an adaption to stressors or a precursor to degeneration. Here, we find that abdominal epithelium of the adult fruit fly becomes polyploid with age through generation of multinucleated cells by cell fusion...

... Osteoclast Cell fusion SNX10 Bone Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 SFB1149 Tu220/12 Israel Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003977 1734/20 Weizmann Institute of Science http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001735...

... to enable successful conjugation in S. pombe . Fission yeast Mating pheromone G-protein-coupled receptor Autocrine Sexual agglutination Cell fusion Sexual reproduction accelerates evolution by increasing the diversity of the gene pool. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has...

...Sophie G. Martin ABSTRACT In all eukaryotic phyla, cell fusion is important for many aspects of life, from sexual reproduction to tissue formation. Fungal cells fuse during mating to form the zygote, and during vegetative growth to connect mycelia. Prior to fusion, cells first detect gradients...

...Marie Pereira; Enrico Petretto; Siamon Gordon; J. H. Duncan Bassett; Graham R. Williams; Jacques Behmoaras ABSTRACT Macrophage cell fusion and multinucleation are fundamental processes in the formation of multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) in chronic inflammatory disease and osteoclasts...

...: Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL1β and TNFα promote RANKL-dependent adseverin expression and osteoclastogenesis. A novel method for isolating osteoclast subpopulations based on ploidy status was developed. Actin Cell fusion Transcription Inflammation Canadian Institutes of Health...

... changes in their subcellular localization, indicating an important role for these spatio-temporal dynamics in signal transmission. A striking model illustrating these dynamics is somatic cell fusion in Neurospora crassa . Germinating spores of this fungus rapidly alternate between signal sending...

... flow during the establishment of polarity. Actin flow Cell fusion Cell polarity Chemotaxis PTEN Ras Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 10.13039/501100004189 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 10.13039/501100001659 SFB 914, TP7 Orientation of eukaryotic cells...

... discoideum cells, dynamic patterns of front-like and tail-like states are generated that are well suited to monitor transitions between these states. To image large-scale pattern dynamics independently of boundary effects, we produced giant cells by electric-pulse-induced cell fusion. In these cells, actin...

...Guillaume Pidoux; Pascale Gerbaud; Jim Dompierre; Birgitte Lygren; Therese Solstad; Danièle Evain-Brion; Kjetil Taskén ABSTRACT Cell fusion occurs as part of the differentiation of some cell types, including myotubes in muscle and osteoclasts in remodeling bone. In the human placenta, mononuclear...

... these opposite chemotropisms. We demonstrate that RAC-1 is essential for CAT formation and cell fusion, whereas CDC-42 is necessary and sufficient for normal germ tube development. Cdc42-Rac-interactive-binding (CRIB) reporters were constructed to exclusively label locally activated GTP-bound GTPases. Time...

... © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2013 Chemokines Chemokine receptors Osteoclasts Osteoblasts Bone remodelling Bone resorption Calcification Bone-coupling factors Multinucleation Cell fusion Osteolysis Osteopenia Chemokines were originally identified...

... to investigate the role of secretion in yeast cell fusion. Cell fusion arrested less than 5 minutes after inhibiting secretion. This rapid fusion arrest was not an indirect consequence of reduced mating pheromone signaling, mating-pair assembly or actin polarity. Furthermore, secretion was required to complete...

... in fusion-induced pluripotent hybrids. In hybrids formed from the cell fusion of embryonal carcinoma cells (ECCs) with male neural stem cells (mNSCs), the Xist gene was found to be reprogrammed to the somatic cell state, whereas the pluripotency-related and tissue-specific marker genes were reprogrammed...

...Andrew Chen; Eugenia Leikina; Kamran Melikov; Benjamin Podbilewicz; Michael M. Kozlov; Leonid V. Chernomordik Cell-cell fusion in animal development and in pathophysiology involves expansion of nascent fusion pores formed by protein fusogens to yield an open lumen of cell-size diameter. Here we...

... in the incorporation of donor cells in myofibers for cell-based therapy. Although several proteins involved in muscle cell fusion in Drosophila are known, less information is available on the regulation of this process in vertebrates, including humans. To identify proteins that are regulated during fusion of human...

... cells adopt the phenotype of other cells by spontaneous cell fusion. Nature 416 , 542 -545. Thomson, J. A., Itskovitz-Eldor, J., Shapiro, S. S., Waknitz, M. A., Swiergiel, J. J., Marshall, V. S. and Jones, J. M. ( 1998 ). Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. Science 282...

..., has become widely accepted. However, it is largely unknown whether the internal structure of these formations is dynamic or static. Cell fusion was used to perturb the distribution of existing membrane protein clusters, and to investigate their mobility and associations. Scanning near-field optical...

... Communication Cell fusion The lens grows throughout life by the deposition of newly differentiated fiber cells at its surface. Preexisting fibers are progressively buried. As a normal feature of differentiation, fiber cells degrade their nuclei and other organelles, resulting in the formation...

... ) © 2000 by Company of Biologists 2000 HTLV-1 Cell fusion Envelope protein Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), like other retroviruses, enters permissive cells by binding to a cellular receptor on the target cell membrane ( Sommerfelt et al., 1988 ). Binding of envelope SU...