... accessory proteins involved in vesicular transport. We found by computational modeling that the yeast β3 and δ hinges are intrinsically disordered and lack folded ear domains. When either hinge is truncated, AP-3 is recruited to the Golgi, but vesicle budding is impaired and cargoes normally sorted...

...Svetlana Lutsenko ABSTRACT Copper (Cu) homeostasis is essential for the development and function of many organisms. In humans, Cu misbalance causes serious pathologies and has been observed in a growing number of diseases. This Review focuses on mammalian Cu(I) transporters and highlights recent...

...Jessica J. A. Hummel; Casper C. Hoogenraad ABSTRACT Molecular motors drive long-range intracellular transport of various vesicles and other cargoes within a cell. Identifying which kinesin motors interact with which type of transport vesicles has been challenging, especially in complex neuronal...

...Mareike A. Jordan; Gaia Pigino ABSTRACT The intraflagellar transport (IFT) system is a remarkable molecular machine used by cells to assemble and maintain the cilium, a long organelle extending from eukaryotic cells that gives rise to motility, sensing and signaling. IFT plays a critical role...

... of Biologists Ltd 2016 Summary: Axonal transport of kinesin-1 and microtubule dynamics are differentially regulated between terminals in a single axon, and contribute to shaping the axonal arbor by differentially regulating retraction of terminals. Axon Retraction Transport Kinesin Microtubule...

...Greg Kabachinski; Thomas U. Schwartz ABSTRACT Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are indispensable for cell function and are at the center of several human diseases. NPCs provide access to the nucleus and regulate the transport of proteins and RNA across the nuclear envelope. They are aqueous channels...

...-glycine). These are ‘intrinsically disordered’ and often represent weak interaction sites that become ordered upon interaction. We investigated this possibility during nuclear transport. Using electron microscopy of S. cerevisiae , we show that NPC cytoplasmic filaments form a dome-shaped structure...

...Mariella A. M. Franker; Casper C. Hoogenraad Summary Microtubule-based transport is essential for neuronal function because of the large distances that must be traveled by various building blocks and cellular materials. Recent studies in various model systems have unraveled several regulatory...

... Microtubule Cytoskeleton Motor protein Dynein Transport ATPases associated with various activities (AAA+) The size of eukaryotic cells and the crowded nature of their cytoplasm mean that they rely on motor proteins to move components around. There are three families of cytoskeletal motor proteins...

... with drugs, we found that two independent modifications of E-cadherin inhibit its cell surface transport. First, O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification of the cytoplasmic domain retains E-cadherin in the endoplasmic reticulum. Second, incomplete processing by proprotein convertases arrests E...

... an approach in which we deplete the Golgi complex from living cells by laser nanosurgery, and subsequently analyze the ‘Golgi-depleted’ karyoplast using time-lapse and electron microscopy. We show that biosynthetic transport is blocked after Golgi depletion, but is restored 12 hours later. This recovery...

...Lynne Chang; Kari Barlan; Ying-Hao Chou; Boris Grin; Margot Lakonishok; Anna S. Serpinskaya; Dale K. Shumaker; Harald Herrmann; Vladimir I. Gelfand; Robert D. Goldman Intermediate filament (IF) dynamics during organelle transport and their role in organelle movement were studied using Xenopus...

... binding interactions with the spindle yielded data for headless and full-length Ncd that did not fit well to previous recovery models. We report a new model that accounts for Ncd transport towards the equator revealed by fluorescence flow analysis of early mitotic spindles and gives rate constants...

... ). Dynamin II is involved in endocytosis but not in the formation of transport vesicles from the trans-Golgi network. J. Biochem. 125 , 780 -789. Ling, K., Bairstow, S. F., Carbonara, C., Turbin, D. A., Huntsman, D. G. and Anderson, R. A. ( 2007 ). Type Iγ phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase...

... of TGFα family proteins. Human CNIH complements the loss of Erv14 in yeast. Human CNIH and Drosophila Cni are primarily localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and associate with immature TGFα family proteins. Alterations of cornichon expression result in changes in transport, processing and secretion...

... with an adenoviral vector expressing a mutated α1 subunit, resulting in a dominant-negative effect on endogenous AMPK activity. These effects are blocked by 5′-iodotubercidine (5′-ITU), an inhibitor of adenosine kinase. Moreover, inhibition of adenosine transport through the concentrative adenosine plasma membrane...

... RhoB Dia1 Endocytosis Transport Cell morphological changes, such as the extension of lamellipodia during migration, require the coordinated regulation of membrane trafficking, and actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. Long-range bidirectional transport of vesicles between the plasma membrane...

... tested nuclear translocation mechanisms in electroporated HeLa cells, rat cortical neurons and glial cells using novel calmodulin and inhibitor peptide probes and confocal microscopy. Passive diffusion of calmodulin across the nuclear membrane was measured in conditions in which facilitated transport...

... suggests functional polarization. In the renal proximal tubule Lucifer Yellow is initially transported intracellularly by means of a basolaterally oriented p-aminohippurate transport system, followed by apical secretion into the lumen of the nephron. Consistent with such polarization in developing tubules...

...Vladimir Sytnyk; Iryna Leshchyns'ka; Alexander Dityatev; Melitta Schachner Synapse formation, stabilization and maintenance comprise several remarkably precise and rapid stages. The initial steps involve delivery to the site of initial contact between axon and dendrite of transport carriers...