...-associated multi-megadalton globular complexes. Induced histone hyperacetylation during nitrogen starvation results in cells that have larger nuclei and therefore chromatin that is less compact. However, these histone-hyperacetylated cells remain transcriptionally repressed with similar nuclear crowding...

...Simon Ullrich; Iliya Nadelson; Stefan Krebs; Helmut Blum; Heinrich Leonhardt; Irina Solovei ABSTRACT Transcription of the majority of eukaryotic genes is accompanied by splicing. The timing of splicing varies significantly between introns, transcripts, genes and species. Although quick co...

... organization of the genome ( Barutcu et al., 2015 ; Cavalheiro et al., 2021 ). Lamina-associated domains Genomic regions at the nuclear periphery interacting with the nuclear lamina, predominantly in the heterochromatic B compartment, are termed LADs. Generally transcriptionally repressive, some LADs...

...-transcriptionally after polyadenylation ( Choquet et al., 2023 ). Accordingly, a recent imaging study has found that incompletely processed pre-mRNAs undergo splicing as they slowly move through a zone proximal to the transcription site ( Coté et al., 2024 ). Early studies visualizing spliceosome components...

... construct #E as the minimal promoter ( Fig. 3B ). Both the overexpression of β-catenin and UVB irradiation resulted in decreased luciferase activity of the minimal promoter ( Fig. 3C,D ). Dicer expression is also regulated post-transcriptionally, as a number of alternative splicing variants have been...

... several HSP-encoding genes for classical chaperones, are rapidly activated. The heat-induced genes overcome the repressive environment by recruiting strong transactivators, such as heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). Precise mapping of positions and orientations of transcriptionally engaged RNA polymerase II (Pol...

... clustering of the AR for the formation of transcriptionally active condensate-like droplets via the assembly of highly dynamic actin polymers. Together, these examples highlight that dynamic nuclear actin polymerization regulates gene transcription in response to different signaling cues by modulating...

... the antiproliferative effect of FGF2 modulates chromatin-, nucleolus- and rDNA-associated proteins. The chromatin and nucleolar proteome indicated that FGF2 stimulation modulates proteins related to transcription, rRNA expression and chromatin-remodeling proteins. The global transcriptional rate and nucleolus area...

... fine tune the induction of autophagy without complete abrogation. In this Review, we summarize the recent discoveries on the mechanism of regulation of ATG (autophagy related) gene expression at the level of transcription, post transcription and translation. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the role...

... transcriptional partners. However, the network of factors that controls SMAD2 chromatin binding and shapes its transcriptional programme over time is poorly characterised. Here, we combine ATAC-seq with computational footprinting to identify temporal changes in chromatin accessibility and transcription factor...

... to wild-type data, uncoupling Hi-C-measured long-range DNA contacts from transcriptional repression of the X chromosomes. Taken together, our results indicate that DPY-21 has a non-catalytic role in regulating the dynamics of condensin DC binding, which is important for transcription repression...

...., 2002 ). In Drosophila , Yorkie interacts with and promotes Mad-dependent transcription in response to DPP signaling ( Alarcon et al., 2009 ; Oh and Irvine, 2011 ). In another high-throughput screen aimed at identifying novel regulators of TGF-β signaling in human embryonic cells, TAZ was identified...

... acetylation of histone H3K56. Acetylation at this site is important to allow access to chromatin after DNA damage, enhance histone turnover at transcriptionally active chromatin, and to promote nucleosome assembly during S phase ( Kaplan et al., 2008 ; Li et al., 2008 ; Topal et al., 2019 ; Wurtele et al...

...: a novel mode of toxic cadmium action in vivo . Curr. Genet. 64 , 177 - 181 . 10.1007/s00294-017-0748-x Thomas , B. J. and Rothstein , R. ( 1989 ). Elevated recombination rates in transcriptionally active DNA . Cell 56 , 619 - 630 . 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90584-9...

... incoming vDNAs to identify transcriptionally active nuclear vDNAs. A549 cells were infected with EdC-labeled AdV-C5 (m.o.i. ∼23,440 virus particles per cell) and were analyzed at 16 or 18 h p.i. In contrast to E1A, E1B-55K and protein VI transcripts, relatively moderate numbers of E4 puncta were present...

... ). This, together with its localisation on promyelocytic leukaemia protein (PML) nuclear bodies ( Majewski et al., 2018 ), which consist of chromatin and transcription activators, suggests that MVI is present in a number of transcriptionally active areas in the nucleus. MVI also mediates the transition from...

... is transcriptionally activated upon heat shock and shows enhanced contacts with nuclear speckles, which amplifies gene expression ( Khanna et al., 2014 ; Kim et al., 2020 ). Here, we show that lamin A/C regulates the spatial positioning of the Hsp70 gene locus and its expression upon heat shock via the nuclear motor...

... studies have uncovered entirely new mechanisms in the regulation of transcription, including the role of enhancers and chromatin organization. Several enhancers are transcriptionally upregulated during stress, and importantly, TFs can bind to both promoters and enhancers to regulate stress-induced gene...

...-transcriptionally, but has also shown that the elongation and pausing rates of Pol II can influence alternative splicing decisions ( Herzel et al., 2017 ). Specifically, our data is consistent with the previous observation that slower rates of Pol II elongation extends the ‘window of opportunity’ for weak splice...

... that migrate along DNA. In terms of genome biology, the term compartment is narrowly defined: compartments are untethered, but self-interacting domains of transcriptionally active (open or A domains) or repressed (closed or B domains) chromatin states that may contain 5 to 50 megabases of DNA ( Lieberman-Aiden...