... and transmits tension to the extracellular matrix. Talin also interacts with numerous additional proteins capable of modulating the actin-integrin linkage and thus downstream mechanosignaling cascades. Here, we demonstrate that the scaffold protein Caskin2 interacts directly with the R8 domain of talin through...

...-muscle Myosin II along the interface between differently fated groups of cells contributes to boundary integrity and maintains its shape via increased tension. Here, using the Drosophila wing imaginal disc, we tested whether interfacial tension driven by accumulation of Myosin is responsible...

...Srividya Venkatramanan; Consuelo Ibar; Kenneth D. Irvine ABSTRACT Hippo signaling mediates influences of cytoskeletal tension on organ growth. TRIP6 and LIMD1 have each been identified as being required for tension-dependent inhibition of the Hippo pathway LATS kinases and their recruitment...

... this asymmetry is established remains unclear. Here, we provide evidence for a model in which the actin-severing protein cofilin (specifically cofilin-1) participates in symmetry breakage by removing low-tension actomyosin filaments during transverse arc assembly. Cofilin knockdown (KD) produces a non-polarized...

.... Examination of the Ajuba LIM protein Jub in Drosophila embryos revealed that it is recruited to adherens junctions in tissues experiencing high levels of myosin activity, and that the pattern of Jub recruitment varies depending upon how tension is organized. In cells with high junctional myosin, Jub...

... biochemical and biomechanical cues, with one key input being tension within the F-actin cytoskeleton. Several potential mechanisms for the biomechanical regulation of YAP proteins have been described, including tension-dependent recruitment of Ajuba family proteins, which inhibit kinases that inactivate YAP...

...Chih-Wen Chu; Bo Xiang; Olga Ossipova; Andriani Ioannou; Sergei Y. Sokol ABSTRACT Ajuba family proteins are implicated in the assembly of cell junctions and have been reported to antagonize Hippo signaling in response to cytoskeletal tension. To assess the role of these proteins in actomyosin...

... mammalian Ajuba family proteins – AJUBA, LIMD1 and WTIP – exhibit tension-dependent localization to adherens junctions, and that both LATS family proteins, LATS1 and LATS2, exhibit an overlapping tension-dependent junctional localization. This localization of Ajuba and LATS family proteins is also...

... in normal physiology and to coordinate tension during morphogenesis. Though much is known about the biological mechanisms underlying junction formation, little is known about how tissue-scale mechanical properties are established. Here, we use deep atomic force microscopy (AFM) indentation to measure...

..., or both attachment and tension, before committing to anaphase. In this Commentary, we present a brief history of the tension-versus-attachment debate, summarize recent advances in our understanding of kinetochore structure and focus on the implications of a phenomenon known as intrakinetochore stretch...

...Benjamin D. Matthews; Darryl R. Overby; Robert Mannix; Donald E. Ingber To understand how cells sense and adapt to mechanical stress, we applied tensional forces to magnetic microbeads bound to cell-surface integrin receptors and measured changes in bead displacement with sub-micrometer resolution...

...Elsa Logarinho; Hassan Bousbaa; José Miguel Dias; Carla Lopes; Isabel Amorim; Ana Antunes-Martins; Claudio E. Sunkel The spindle assembly checkpoint detects errors in kinetochore attachment to the spindle including insufficient microtubule occupancy and absence of tension across bi-oriented...

... chromosome segregation. Only when all the chromosomes are attached by kinetochore microtubules from two opposite spindle poles and proper tension is placed on the paired kinetochores does anaphase take place, allowing the physical splitting of sister chromatids. Recent studies have provided novel insights...

... with actin filaments under tension. References Abercrombie, M. ( 1978 ). The crawling movement of metazoan cells. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 207 , 129 -147. Akhmanova, A., Hoogenraad, C. C., Drabek, K., Stepanova, T.,Dortland, B., Verkerk, T., Vermeulen, W., Burgering, B. M., de Zeeuw, C...

...Jennifer M. King; R. Bruce Nicklas ABSTRACT When chromosomes attach properly to a mitotic spindle, their kinetochores generate force in opposite directions, creating tension. Tension is presumed to increase kinetochore microtubule number, but there has been no direct evidence this is true. We...

...R. Bruce Nicklas; Michael S. Campbell; Suzanne C. Ward; Gary J. Gorbsky ABSTRACT Many cells have a checkpoint that detects a single misattached chromosome and delays anaphase, allowing time for error correction. Detection probably depends on tension-sensitive kinetochore protein phosphorylation...

... of this effect by comparing the spontaneous, growth cone-mediated growth and experimental tension-induced growth of axons in normal PC12 cells and in mutant cells expressing a dominant negative form of rac. PC12 that have been primed by exposure to NGF, but not naive PC12 cells, initiate a microtubule-rich...

... chromosome is not under tension from opposed mitotic forces, and in praying mantid spermatocytes, direct experiments show that the absence of tension is what the checkpoint detects. How is the absence of tension detected? Tension-sensitive kinetochore protein phosphorylation is the most likely possibility...

...Jennifer C. Waters; Robert V. Skibbens; E. D. Salmon ABSTRACT Experimentally introduced tension on kinetochores and their centromeres has been shown to stabilize kinetochore attachment to microtubules, modify kinetochore directional instability, and regulate cell-cycle progression into anaphase...

... kinetochore-tensiometer model, we hypothesized that this coordinated behavior is regulated by tension across the centromere produced by kinetochore movement relative to the sister kinetochore and bulk of the chromosome arms. To test this model, we severed or severely weakened the centromeric chromatin between...