... a mechanism by which NODAL/Activin signalling induces delayed gene expression, by uncovering a self-enabling transcriptional cascade whereby activated SMADs, together with ZIC3, induce the expression of Wnt3 . The resultant activated WNT pathway then acts together with the NODAL/Activin pathway to regulate...

... a mechanism to limit fibrosis through SMAD dephosphorylation. SMAD TGF-β receptor Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase ALPL Striated muscle fibrosis Cardiac hypertrophy Muscular dystrophy British Heart Foundation 10.13039/501100000274 PG/14/1/30549 Biotechnology...

... transcription factors, SMAD2/3 and the proliferative state of granulosa cells of follicles in the ovarian reserve. TGFβ SMAD Follicle Primordial Granulosa Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council 10.13039/501100000268 BB/H00002X/1 Medical Research Council 10.13039...

... Extracellular matrix SMAD Early in development, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) migrate and form the definitive endoderm layer of trilaminar embryos. Such morphogenetic events require traction-force-mediated cell migration and signaling from extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, especially fibronectin (FN...

... declare no competing interests. 2 07 2013 26 11 2013 © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2014 Lymphatic endothelial cell Endothelial–mesenchymal transition FGF2 Ras MAPK Smad Lymphatic vessels play essential roles in tissue fluid homeostasis, transport...

... is sumoylated and interacts with Ubc9, the only known SUMO-conjugating enzyme. Four functional sumoylation sites lie within the middle domain of TIF1γ, the Smad interaction domain. We show that a sumoylation-defective TIF1γ mutant significantly reduces TIF1γ inhibition of Smad complexes and that of the Smad...

... the synaptogenic signal, and that phosphorylated Mad at the synaptic terminal and cell body represent two distinct molecular populations. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 2 4 2012 © 2012. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2012 BMP Smad Axonal transport Endosome...

... domain, which we have called the ERBID (ERBIN-binding domain), whereas ERBIN binds to SARA using a domain (amino acids 1208–1265) that also interacts with SMAD2 and SMAD3, which we have called the SSID (SARA- and SMAD-interacting domain). We additionally show that SARA competes with SMAD2/3 for binding...

... activated the canonical SMAD signaling pathway in CLENDO cells. TGFB1 (1 ng/ml) significantly reduced both basal and fetal-calf-serum-stimulated DNA synthesis, without reducing cell viability. TGFB1 also significantly reduced CLENDO cell transwell migration and disrupted the formation of capillary-like...

...Martina Brandl; Barbara Seidler; Ferdinand Haller; Jerzy Adamski; Roland M. Schmid; Dieter Saur; Günter Schneider The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial step in tumor progression, and the TGFβ–SMAD signaling pathway is an inductor of EMT in many tumor types. One hallmark of EMT...

... (TAAD). Here, we present a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of TGFBR2 expression, turnover and TGF-β-induced Smad and ERK signaling activity for nine mutations identified in patients with LDS, MFS2 and TAAD. The mutations had different effects on protein stability, internalization and signaling...

...Luiza Bengtsson; Raphaela Schwappacher; Martin Roth; Jan H. Boergermann; Sylke Hassel; Petra Knaus Phosphorylation of Smads is a crucial regulatory step in the signal transduction pathway initiated by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Although the dephosphorylation events terminating the pathway...

... keratinocytes was blocked using siRNA targeting Smads. Unexpectedly, we found that EGF blocked TGFβ1-mediated N-cadherin expression in oral keratinocytes and not in OSCC cells. Mechanistically, EGF enhanced Smad phosphorylation in the linker region, and attenuated TGFβ1-mediated phosphorylation of Smad at the C...

... blunted in epithelial cells lacking JNK1, while JNK2 –/– MTEC underwent EMT in response to TGF-β1 in a similar way to wild-type cells. Although Smad2/3 phosphorylation and nuclear localization of Smad4 were similar in JNK1 –/– MTEC in response to TGF-β1, Smad DNA-binding activity was diminished. Gene...

...Tomoko Hayashida; Ming-Hua Wu; Amy Pierce; Anne-Christine Poncelet; John Varga; H. William Schnaper The signals mediating transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-stimulated kidney fibrogenesis are poorly understood. We previously reported TGFβ-stimulated, Smad-mediated collagen production by human...

... , Smad4 and LEF1 that directly inhibit E-cadherin gene expression. ‡ Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) * These authors contributed equally to this work 5 3 2007 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 E-cadherin LEF1 Smad TGF-beta Epithelial...

... The Company of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 Twist-1 Id1 BMP Smad HDAC Members of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily regulate important biological and developmental processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration ( Derynck and Zhang, 2003...

...Weibin Shi; Chenbei Chang; Shuyi Nie; Shutao Xie; Mei Wan; Xu Cao Signaling through receptors of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily is mediated by cytoplasmic Smad proteins. It has been demonstrated that Smad anchor for receptor activation (SARA) facilitates TGFβ and activin/nodal...

... ) 21 12 2006 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 ALK1 Angiogenesis bFGF BMP Endoglin Signalling Smad VEGF Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) belong to the TGF-β superfamily and were originally identified for their ability to induce ectopic bone growth...

...Aristidis Moustakas; Carl-Henrik Heldin During the past 10 years, it has been firmly established that Smad pathways are central mediators of signals from the receptors for transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily members to the nucleus. However, growing biochemical and developmental...