... contacts in T lymphocytes. We are interested in studying the transmission of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), a retrovirus that infects T lymphocytes. Retroviruses are composed of a core that results from the assembly of mature Gag proteins and the viral RNA, surrounded by a lipid...

... muscle in vivo can proliferate in vitro. Muscle precursor cells are readily infected in tissue culture with retroviruses (which are only incorporated into dividing cells) and these retrovirally marked cells form new muscle in vivo, even after extensive tissue culture (Blaveri et al., 1999 ; Morgan et al...

...) 9 1 2004 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2004 2004 Retrovirus Budding Ubiquitin-ligase ESCRT Multivesicular body The Gag polyprotein of retroviruses is the only viral protein that is both necessary for and sufficient to drive the release of virus particles through...

... retrovirus-based gene therapy and might allow the design of new therapeutic approaches against retroviral pathogens. Spumaviruses, also known as foamy viruses (FVs), are complex animal retroviruses that encode structural (Gag, Env), enzymatic (Pol) and regulatory products (Tas, Bet). Although surface Env...

... to prevent other less differentiated chondrocytes from becoming hypertrophic. These two complementary actions of HH coordinate the progression of cartilage maturation. 10 01 1997 19 08 1997 © 1997 by Company of Biologists 1997 Sonic hedgehog Hypertrophic cartilage Retrovirus...

... implanting retrovirus-marked myoblasts into skeletal muscles. Primary myoblasts transduced with LIXSN or BAG retroviruses were implanted into muscles of hind limbs of NIH III nude mice and SCID mice. At various time points, the hind limb muscles were removed and primary myoblasts were isolated. Retrovirally...

... transferred to. haemopoietic stem cells by recombinant retroviruses . Motee. Biol. Med . 4 , 229 – 250 . Cepko , C. L. , Roberts , B. E. & Mulligan , R. C. (1984). Construction and applications of a highly transmissible retrovirus shuttle vector . Cell 37 , 1053 – 1062...