... tight junctions, and the mechanisms and regulation of the tight junction barrier in physiology and pathology. Actin Claudin Epithelium Myosin Permeability Tight junctions ZO-1 Cingulin Occludin Barrier Polarity Canton of Geneva http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011723...

... and tissue architecture, including altered expression and localisation of junctional proteins with concomitant loss of cell polarity and barrier integrity, demonstrating that compromised junctional integrity is sufficient to replicate these ageing-related phenotypes. Taken together, our work demonstrates...

... scales, from induction and positioning of structures on the cell-wide polarity axis to local organelle-level patterning. We reveal here a role for Fused in intracellular patterning. In Dictyostelium , the Fused ortholog TsuA is required for cell polarization during developmental aggregation...

... described would require further optimization for such models. The most significant limitation of this approach is that STB out organoids cannot be passaged to maintain this physiological polarity phenotype long-term, and TOs with this orientation must be generated for each experiment. Thus, generation...

...Risa Matsuoka; Masateru Miki; Sonoko Mizuno; Yurina Ito; Chihiro Yamada; Atsushi Suzuki ABSTRACT The Golgi complex plays an active role in organizing asymmetric microtubule arrays, which are essential for polarized vesicle transport. The coiled-coil protein MTCL1 stabilizes microtubules nucleated...

..., localized proximally at the junction with striated rootlets. Knocking down either gene caused defects in BB docking, spacing and polarization. Moreover, their depletion impaired the apical cytoskeleton and altered ciliary beating. Consequently, cilia-powered fluid flow was greatly reduced in morphant...

...Claudia G. Vasquez; Eva L. de la Serna; Alexander R. Dunn ABSTRACT Polarized epithelia define a topological inside and outside, and hence constitute a key evolutionary innovation that enabled the construction of complex multicellular animal life. Over time, this basic function has been elaborated...

...Chengye Feng; Joseph M. Cleary; Gregory O. Kothe; Michelle C. Stone; Alexis T. Weiner; James I. Hertzler; William O. Hancock; Melissa M. Rolls ABSTRACT Axons and dendrites are distinguished by microtubule polarity. In Drosophila , dendrites are dominated by minus-end-out microtubules, whereas axons...

...Ji Ling; Maria Sckaff; Manisha Tiwari; Yifang Chen; Jingting Li; Jackson Jones; George L. Sen ABSTRACT Proper epithelial development and homeostasis depends on strict control of oriented cell division. Current evidence shows that this process is regulated by intrinsic polarity factors and external...

...Kazunari Yamashita; Keiko Mizuno; Kana Furukawa; Hiroko Hirose; Natsuki Sakurai; Maki Masuda-Hirata; Yoshiko Amano; Tomonori Hirose; Atsushi Suzuki; Shigeo Ohno ABSTRACT Cell polarity is essential for various asymmetric cellular events, and the partitioning defective (PAR) protein PAR3 (encoded...

...Sarah Taheraly; Dmitry Ershov; Serge Dmitrieff; Nicolas Minc ABSTRACT Tip growth is critical for the lifestyle of many walled cells. In yeast and fungi, this process is typically associated with the polarized deposition of conserved tip factors, including landmarks, Rho GTPases, cytoskeleton...

...K. Adam Bohnert; Anthony M. Rossi; Quan-Wen Jin; Jun-Song Chen; Kathleen L. Gould ABSTRACT Cellular polarization underlies many facets of cell behavior, including cell growth. The rod-shaped fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a well-established, genetically tractable system for studying...

...: This Cell Science at a Glance article focuses on membrane trafficking events in retinal pigment epithelial cells, which are uniquely specialised to fulfil the multiple functions of this epithelium in supporting vision. Melanosome Membrane trafficking Phagocytosis Polarity Retinal pigment...

...Kotryna Vaidžiulytė; Mathieu Coppey; Kristine Schauer ABSTRACT Many studies have investigated the processes that support polarity establishment and maintenance in cells. On the one hand, polarity complexes at the cell cortex and their downstream signaling pathways have been assigned as major...

...Brian S. Hercyk; Julie Rich-Robinson; Ahmad S. Mitoubsi; Marcus A. Harrell; Maitreyi E. Das ABSTRACT Cdc42, a conserved regulator of cell polarity, is activated by two GEFs, Gef1 and Scd1, in fission yeast. Why the cell needs two GEFs is unclear, given that they are partially redundant and activate...

.../basal-inside polarity that we trace back to the single cell stage. The polarity and gene expression pattern of the vesicles are similar to those of the early visceral endoderm. pXEN cells provide a useful in vitro model for study of matrix-independent, basal-type lumenogenesis and the physiology...

...Franck Pichaud; Rhian F. Walther; Francisca Nunes de Almeida ABSTRACT Cdc42 – a member of the small Rho GTPase family – regulates cell polarity across organisms from yeast to humans. It is an essential regulator of polarized morphogenesis in epithelial cells, through coordination of apical membrane...

...Aurélien Bidaud-Meynard; Florian Bossard; Andrea Schnúr; Ryosuke Fukuda; Guido Veit; Haijin Xu; Gergely L. Lukacs ABSTRACT Apical polarity of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is essential for solute and water transport in secretory epithelia and can be impaired in human...

...Ahmed Elbediwy; Yixiao Zhang; Mathias Cobbaut; Philippe Riou; Ray S. Tan; Selene K. Roberts; Chris Tynan; Roger George; Svend Kjaer; Marisa L. Martin-Fernandez; Barry J. Thompson; Neil Q. McDonald; Peter J. Parker ABSTRACT The elaboration of polarity is central to organismal development...

... or supracellular mechanisms to migrate or combine aspects of both. Thus, supracellular migration is different from collective cell migration. Below we will highlight a few of the common principles of supracellular migration. Individually migrating cells acquire front–rear polarity (Fig. 3 A, left) (Ridley...