... and act as a key mediator of diverse cellular processes. Much of the interest in LRRK2 derives from mutations in the LRRK2 gene being the most common genetic cause of Parkinson's disease, and from the association of the LRRK2 locus with a number of other human diseases, including inflammatory bowel...

...Bruno Barros Queliconi; Waka Kojima; Mayumi Kimura; Kenichiro Imai; Chisato Udagawa; Chie Motono; Takatsugu Hirokawa; Shinya Tashiro; Jose M. M. Caaveiro; Kouhei Tsumoto; Koji Yamano; Keiji Tanaka; Noriyuki Matsuda ABSTRACT Diverse genes associated with familial Parkinson's disease (familial...

...Natasha Vassileff; Lesley Cheng; Andrew F. Hill ABSTRACT Neurodegenerative diseases are characterised by the irreversible degeneration of neurons in the central or peripheral nervous systems. These include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD...

...Rachel M. Furlong; Andrew Lindsay; Karen E. Anderson; Phillip T. Hawkins; Aideen M. Sullivan; Cora O'Neill ABSTRACT Akt signalling is central to cell survival, metabolism, protein and lipid homeostasis, and is impaired in Parkinson's disease (PD). Akt activation is reduced in the brain in PD...

...Patrick C. Cunningham; Katherine Waldeck; Barry Ganetzky; Daniel T. Babcock ABSTRACT Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons, resulting in progressive locomotor dysfunction. Identification of genes required for the maintenance of these neurons should help...

... that can interact with membranes to form pores. However, it is unknown how this leads to cell toxicity in Parkinson's disease. We investigated the species-specific effects of α-synuclein on Ca 2+ signalling in primary neurons and astrocytes using live neuronal imaging and electrophysiology on artificial...

...S. Orvokki Mattila; Jussi T. Tuusa; Ulla E. Petäjä-Repo ABSTRACT The G-protein-coupled receptor 37 ( GPR37) has been implicated in the juvenile form of Parkinson's disease, in dopamine signalling and in the survival of dopaminergic cells in animal models. The structure and function of the receptor...

... neuropathological features of Parkinson's disease are dopaminergic nigrostriatal neuron degeneration, and intraneuronal and intraneuritic proteinaceous inclusions named Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, respectively, which mainly contain α-synuclein (α-syn, also known as SNCA). The neuronal phosphoprotein synapsin III...

... defective autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. Recent work using live-cell imaging has identified autophagy as a predominantly polarized process in neuronal axons; autophagosomes...

... Parkinson's disease PINK1 Parkinson's disease and its relative parkinsonism are pervasive neurodegenerative diseases. PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 ( PINK1 ), a mitochondrial Ser/Thr kinase, was identified as a causal gene for familial recessive early-onset parkinsonism ( Valente et al., 2004...

...Eric Duplan; Emilie Giaime; Julien Viotti; Jean Sévalle; Olga Corti; Alexis Brice; Hiroyoshi Ariga; Ling Qi; Frédéric Checler; Cristine Alves da Costa Summary Parkin and DJ-1 are two multi-functional proteins linked to autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD) that have been shown...

...Byung Rho Lee; Yasuhiro Matsuo; Anil G. Cashikar; Tetsu Kamitani Summary α-Synuclein, a protein central to Parkinson's disease, is frequently expressed in melanoma tissues, but not in non-melanocytic cutaneous carcinoma and normal skin. Thus, α-synuclein is not only related to Parkinson's disease...

... kinase 1 (PINK1) are a major cause of early-onset familial Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent studies have highlighted an important function for PINK1 in clearing depolarized mitochondria by mitophagy. However, the role of PINK1 in mitochondrial and cellular functioning in physiological conditions is still...

... dopamine synthesis by binding to and inhibiting tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis. Understanding α-synuclein function in dopaminergic cells should add to our knowledge of this key protein, which is implicated in Parkinson's disease and other disorders. Herein, we report...

... familial autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease. One explanation for the formation of perikaryal and neuritic aggregates of α-synuclein, which is a presynaptic protein, is that the mutations disrupt α-synuclein transport and lead to its proximal accumulation. We found that mutant forms of α-synuclein...

...Jinghui Zhao; Yong Ren; Qian Jiang; Jian Feng Parkin is a protein-ubiquitin E3 ligase linked to Parkinson's disease. Although several substrates of parkin have been identified, the subcellular location for parkin to recognize and ubiquitinate its targets is unclear. Here we report that parkin...