.... Although the cellular triggers of disease pathology remain enigmatic, mounting evidence implicates the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) in TDP-43 neurotoxicity. Here we show that inhibition of the PARP enzymes tankyrase 1 and tankyrase 2 (referred to as Tnks-1/2) protect primary rodent neurons from TDP...

... complexes, is recruited to DSBs in a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1)-dependent manner. Remarkably, PARP activity, although dispensable for the efficient spreading of γH2AX into damaged chromatin, selectively promotes spreading of SMARCA5, the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF168, ubiquitin conjugates...

... inactivation of the molecular necrosis switch PARP-1 and results in apoptosis. By contrast, in the absence of Bak and Bax, a failure to activate caspases results in PARP-1-mediated ATP depletion. The subsequent necrosis is not prevented by autophagy as an alternative energy source. Moreover, in cells deficient...

...) for their support. References Aguilar-Quesada, R., Munoz-Gamez, J. A., Martin-Oliva, D., Peralta, A., Valenzuela, M. T., Matinez-Romero, R., Quiles-Perez, R., Menissier-de Murcia, J., de Murcia, G., de Almodovar, M. R. et al. ( 2007 ). Interaction between ATM and PARP-1 in response to DNA damage...

... inhibitor sodium butyrate. Int. J. Cancer 115 , 11 -18. Kim, M. Y., Zhang, T. and Kraus, W. L. ( 2005 ). Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation by PARP-1: `PAR-laying' NAD+ into a nuclear signal. Genes Dev. 19 , 1951 -1967. Klenova, E. and Ohlsson, R. ( 2005 ). Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and epigenetics...

... carcinogenesis is increased by an inhibitor of the DNA damage-activated nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP), hence PARP activation is likely to be associated with cellular responses that suppress carcinogenesis. To understand the role of activated PARP in these cellular functions, we need...

... 2004 2004 PARP PARG poly(ADP-ribose) poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation chromatin histones The nuclear genome of eukaryotes is compacted roughly 40,000-fold ( van Holde, 1988 ). The first level of folding, which produces a 7-fold compaction ratio ( Wolffe, 1998 ), is achieved by formation...

..., but this interaction was unaffected by the caspase-3 dependent proteolytic processing. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: brancoli@sci.area.trieste.it ) 17 09 1999 17 11 1999 © 1999 by Company of Biologists 1999 Actin PARP MCF-7 Death substrate Cell death by apoptosis...

... Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA © 1999 by Company of Biologists 1999 Telomere Centrosome Nuclear pore complex Tankyrase PARP Telomeres function to ensure the complete replication...