..., including spores, oocytes and adult stem cells. We begin by defining quiescent cells and discussing their roles in key biological processes. We then examine metabolic factors that influence cellular quiescence in both healthy and disease contexts, and how these could be leveraged in the treatment of cancer...

... spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) therefore has robust control over anaphase timing to prevent chromosome mis-segregation. Mammalian oocytes are prone to aneuploidy, the reasons for which remain obscure. In mitosis, Cep55 is required post-anaphase for the final steps of cytokinesis. We found that Cep55...

...Federico Pelisch; Laura Bel Borja; Ellis G. Jaffray; Ronald T. Hay ABSTRACT Oocyte meiotic spindles in most species lack centrosomes and the mechanisms that underlie faithful chromosome segregation in acentrosomal meiotic spindles are not well understood. In C. elegans oocytes, spindle microtubules...

..., interpretation of the role of FZR1 during this period is hindered by the presence of maternal stores. In this study, therefore, we used an oocyte-specific knockout to examine FZR1 function in early mouse embryo development. Maternal FZR1 was not crucial for completion of meiosis, and furthermore viable pups were...

... the insoluble zona matrix and yet each protein traffics through oocytes without oligomerization. ZP2 and ZP3 were fluorescently tagged and molecular interactions were assayed by fluorescent complementation in CHO cells and growing oocytes. ZP2 and ZP3 traffic independently, but colocalize at the plasma membrane...

... that oocytes carrying an excess of two to three pairs of asynapsed homologous chromosomes fail to recruit enough BRCA1 to the asynapsed axes to activate MSUC. Furthermore, loss of MSUC function only transiently rescues oocytes from elimination during early postnatal development. The fact that the BRCA1...

...Francisco J. Diaz; Karen Wigglesworth; John J. Eppig The two principal functions of ovarian follicles are developmental and endocrine. The cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte are specialized to serve the development of the oocyte and steroidogenesis is a principal role of mural granulosa cells...

...François Prodon; Philippe Dru; Fabrice Roegiers; Christian Sardet The mature ascidian oocyte is a large cell containing cytoplasmic and cortical domains polarized along a primary animal-vegetal (a-v) axis. The oocyte cortex is characterized by a gradient distribution of a submembrane monolayer...

...Malgorzata Kloc; Laurence D. Etkin In many animals, normal development depends on the asymmetric distribution of maternal determinants, including various coding and noncoding RNAs, within the oocyte. The temporal and spatial distribution of localized RNAs is determined by intricate mechanisms...

... Metaphase Mice Oocytes Signal transduction Ubiquitin-protein ligases Destruction of key cell cycle proteins is coordinated by the activity of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) ( Morgan, 1999 ; Peters, 2002 ; Zachariae and Nasmyth, 1999 ). This E3 ligase complex degrades its...

... in amphibian oocytes induces the formation of intranuclear membrane structures that form extensive arrays of stacked cisternae. These `lamin membrane arrays' are attached to the inner nuclear membrane but are not continuous with it. Induction of this membrane proliferation depends on CaaX-specific...

... Echinarachnius parma Asterias vulgaris sea urchins starfish sand dollars oocytes ribosomes Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are the major accessory proteins on microtubules, the prominent, cylindrical component of the cytoskeleton. Despite the essential roles performed by microtubules...

... to the adult somatic cells, microtubules are nucleated in the absence of centrioles in mammalian oocytes and early embryos. By studying acentriolar mouse oocytes and their early development following fertilization, we show that γ-Tubulin antibody crossreacts with a 50,000 M r protein in unfertilized mouse...

...David A. G. Diss; Benjamin D. Greenstein ABSTRACT We describe here conditions for the detection of insulin binding sites on Xenopus laevis oocytes. The binding of 125 I-labelled insulin displayed sigmoidal behaviour, which is characteristic of the binding relationship between insulin and its...

... that does not require nuclear activities for cells that are not growthlimited. © The Company of Biologists Limited 1989 1989 centrosome cell cycle microtubule mitosis spindle centrioles division sea urchin oocytes mercaptoethanol Colcemid. Centrosomes are the ensemble...

...E. L. D. Mitchell; R. S. Hill ABSTRACT Transmission electron microscopy has been used to study the chromosomes found in the early diplotene oocytes of Xenopus laevis . Chromosomes from 40 μ m early diplotene oocytes were found to possess a normal lampbrush chromosome morphology. The contour length...

...Steven R. Heidemann; Marlyn A. Hamborg; Jay E. Balasz; Steven Lindley ABSTRACT Previous work indicated that immature oocytes of Xenopus were incapable of assembling microtubules but that competence was achieved during maturation. We report here that small numbers of microtubules do exist...