...Saikat Bhattacharya; Benjamin P. Tu ABSTRACT An important mechanism of gene expression regulation is the epigenetic modification of histones. The cofactors and substrates for these modifications are often intermediary metabolites, and it is becoming increasingly clear that the metabolic...

...Yipeng Du; Parul Gupta; Shenlu Qin; Matthew Sieber ABSTRACT Cellular quiescence is a dormant, non-dividing cell state characterized by significant shifts in physiology and metabolism. Quiescence plays essential roles in a wide variety of biological processes, ranging from microbial sporulation...

... mechanisms of metabolic and biomechanical regulations that coordinate plant cell growth non-cell-autonomously. This reveals how metabolism and mechanics are not solely passive outcomes of genetic regulation but play instructive roles in leaf morphogenesis. Such an integrative view also extends to fluctuating...

... Metabolism National Institutes of Health http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000002 R00AA026877 R01DK044650 R01AA020735 Lipid droplets (LDs) play important roles in numerous cell types across virtually all species. Beyond serving as energy-rich lipid reservoirs for the breakdown of fatty...

...Lena Pernas ABSTRACT The study of metabolic changes associated with host–pathogen interactions have largely focused on the strategies that microbes use to subvert host metabolism to support their own proliferation. However, recent reports demonstrate that changes in host cell metabolism can also...

... consumption. Furthermore, Smed-Sirt-1(RNAi) animals displayed reduced cell death and increased stem cell proliferation accompanied by impaired expression of intestinal lineage progenitors and reduced branching of the gut. Taken together, our findings indicate that Sirtuin-1 is a crucial metabolic hub capable...

... further found that ATP concentration is not necessarily an indicator of metabolic activity, as there is no clear correlation between ATP level and growth rates. During fission yeast meiosis, we found a reduction in ATP levels, suggesting that ATP homeostasis is controlled by differentiation. The use...

...Krisna C. Duong-Ly; Yin-Ming Kuo; Matthew C. Johnson; Joy M. Cote; Justin M. Kollman; Jonathan Soboloff; Glenn F. Rall; Andrew J. Andrews; Jeffrey R. Peterson ABSTRACT T cell-mediated adaptive immunity requires naïve, unstimulated T cells to transition from a quiescent metabolic state into a highly...

... Khiati ABSTRACT Mitochondrial dynamics and distribution are critical for supplying ATP in response to energy demand. CLUH is a protein involved in mitochondrial distribution whose dysfunction leads to mitochondrial clustering, the metabolic consequences of which remain unknown. To gain insight...

... dysregulated pH dynamics influences cancer cell behaviors, including proliferation, metastasis, metabolic adaptation and tumorigenesis. Emerging data suggest that the dysregulated pH of cancers enables these specific cell behaviors by altering the structure and function of selective pH-sensitive proteins...

... of reactive oxygen species, but instead prevents acidification of the vacuole, perturbs metabolic regulation and promotes senescence. Central to the toxic gain-of-function seen with the SOD1 mutants examined was an inability to regulate amino acid biosynthesis. We also report that leucine supplementation...

...Alexei Vazquez; Jurre J. Kamphorst; Elke K. Markert; Zachary T. Schug; Saverio Tardito; Eyal Gottlieb ABSTRACT A defining hallmark of cancer is uncontrolled cell proliferation. This is initiated once cells have accumulated alterations in signaling pathways that control metabolism and proliferation...

... such example, the quiescent adult mammalian stem cell, and examines concepts underlying our understanding of quiescence that can be attributed to studies in yeast. We discuss the metabolic, signaling and gene regulatory events that control entry and exit into quiescence in yeast. These processes and events...

... phosphorylation of Ser300 and Ser232 are perhaps not primarily concerned with cellular metabolism. Employing in vitro kinase assays with recombinant PDHE1α proteins, Korotchkina and Patel reported that all four PDKs can phosphorylate Ser293 and Ser300, whereas PDK1 uniquely phosphorylates Ser232...

... and reactive oxygen species (ROS). LPS activation also skews the metabolism of macrophages towards a glycolytic phenotype. Here, we demonstrate that the LPS-triggered glycolytic switch is significantly attenuated in macrophages deficient for glutathione transferase omega-1 (GSTO1, note that GSTO1-1 refers...

... on angiogenesis has revealed key mechanisms that regulate tissue vascularization, therapeutic success has been limited owing to insufficient efficacy, refractoriness and tumor resistance. Emerging concepts suggest that, in addition to growth factors, vascular metabolism also regulates angiogenesis and is a viable...

... mitochondrial metabolism. Mitochondria are crucial organelles for the production of ATP, and their morphology and function are regulated by the dynamic processes of fusion and fission. The relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is still poorly understood. Here, we show...

... diverse effects on mitochondrial metabolism and biogenesis, but the role of the mitochondrial genotype in mediating these effects remains unknown. Here, we use novel mitochondrial genome replacement strains in Drosophila to test the hypothesis that genes encoded in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) influence...

... the pathways that communicate between lipid, amino acid, nucleotide and sugar metabolism. This research is anticipated to provide crucial insights that will allow us to both better understand the various disease states that can arise from such metabolic defects. Funding The work of our laboratory...

...Aline Bozec; Latifa Bakiri; Maria Jimenez; Evan D. Rosen; Philip Catalá-Lehnen; Thorsten Schinke; Georg Schett; Michael Amling; Erwin F. Wagner Summary Recent studies have established that the skeleton functions as an endocrine organ affecting metabolism through the osteoblast-derived hormone...