...Dennis K. Jeppesen; Qin Zhang; Robert J. Coffey ABSTRACT Cells can communicate with neighboring and more distant cells by secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are lipid bilayer membrane-bound structures that can be packaged with proteins, nucleic acids and lipids that mediate cell–cell...

...Priyanka Ghosh; Kyo Sasaki; Isabel Aranzazu Pulido Ruiz; Kayla E. King; Steven A. Weinman; Ann L. Wozniak ABSTRACT Macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) play key roles in intercellular communication. Within the liver, they have been linked to several inflammatory diseases including...

.... Lipid rafts are involved in the formation of transport vesicles, endocytic vesicles, exocytic vesicles, synaptic vesicles and extracellular vesicles, as well as enveloped viruses. Two mechanisms of how rafts are involved in vesicle formation have been proposed: first, that raft proteins and/or lipids...

...Irene Ojeda Naharros; Maxence V. Nachury ABSTRACT Cilia sense and transduce sensory stimuli, homeostatic cues and developmental signals by orchestrating signaling reactions. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) that bud from the ciliary membrane have well-studied roles in the disposal of excess ciliary...

...Callie M. Gustafson; Julaine Roffers-Agarwal; Laura S. Gammill ABSTRACT The content and activity of extracellular vesicles purified from cell culture media or bodily fluids have been studied extensively; however, the physiological relevance of exosomes within normal biological systems is poorly...

... , M. M. ( 2021 ). The tubulin code specializes neuronal cilia for extracellular vesicle release . Dev. Neurobiol. 81 , 231 - 252 . 10.1002/dneu.22787 Akella , J. S. , Carter , S. P. , Nguyen , K. , Tsiropoulou , S. , Moran , A. L. , Silva , M. , Rizvi , F...

...Thanh Huyen Phan; Sally Yunsun Kim; Christopher Rudge; Wojciech Chrzanowski ABSTRACT Current medicine has only taken us so far in reducing disease and tissue damage. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are membranous nanostructures produced naturally by cells, have been hailed as a next-generation...

... their survival and replication. Some of these components are released through extracellular vesicles, which are either derived from the bacteria themselves or from the host cells. Bacteria- and host-derived vesicles have been studied almost exclusively in isolation from each other, with little discussion...

...Bartika Ghoshal; Edouard Bertrand; Suvendra N. Bhattacharyya ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs), the tiny regulators of gene expression, can be transferred between neighbouring cells via extracellular vesicles (EVs) to control the expression of genes in both donor and recipient cells. How the EV-derived...

... found that uncoupling protein 2 (Ucp2)-mediated depolarization of mitochondrial membrane also results in progressive sequestration of miRNAs within polysomes and lowers their release via extracellular vesicles. Interestingly, the impaired miRNA-trafficking process in growth-retarded human cells could...

...) and prion diseases. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), a type of EV involved in cellular communication, have been well documented as propagating neurodegenerative diseases. These sEVs carry cargo, such as proteins and RNA, to recipient cells but are also capable of promoting protein misfolding, thus...

... organisms suggests that Wnt and Hh proteins are carried on extracellular vesicles. In this Review, we provide our perspectives on the mechanisms of formation of Wnt- and Hh-containing extracellular vesicles, and discuss their functions during animal development, as well as in various human physiopathologies...

...Arash Latifkar; Yun Ha Hur; Julio C. Sanchez; Richard A. Cerione; Marc A. Antonyak ABSTRACT It is becoming increasingly evident that most cell types are capable of forming and releasing multiple distinct classes of membrane-enclosed packages, referred to as extracellular vesicles (EVs), as a form...

...), tubular structures connecting close cells or intercellular channels that link the cytoplasm of adjacent cells. In mammals, these different types of communication serve different purposes, may involve distinct factors and are mediated by extracellular vesicles, tunnelling nanotubes or gap junctions. Recent...

...Marina Colombo; Catarina Moita; Guillaume van Niel; Joanna Kowal; James Vigneron; Philippe Benaroch; Nicolas Manel; Luis F. Moita; Clotilde Théry; Graça Raposo Summary Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted upon fusion of endosomal multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the plasma membrane...