... Ltd 2024 Summary: Cells communicate over distances by releasing extracellular vesicles and non-vesicular nanoparticles. We review the diversity and heterogeneity of these structures, including several recently identified examples. Ectosomes Exomeres Exosomes Extracellular vesicles...

.... Endocytic vesicles Enveloped virus Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Membrane Rafts Synaptic vesicles Transport vesicles Narodowe Centrum Nauki http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004281 2016/23/B/NZ1/02975 The formation of membrane vesicles is a common feature across bacteria...

...Callie M. Gustafson; Julaine Roffers-Agarwal; Laura S. Gammill ABSTRACT The content and activity of extracellular vesicles purified from cell culture media or bodily fluids have been studied extensively; however, the physiological relevance of exosomes within normal biological systems is poorly...

... controls miRNA-mediated repression and miRNA export. miRNA Processing bodies P-body Mitochondria Polysome Extracellular vesicles Exosomes eIF4E mTORC1 Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Ministry of Science and Technology, India 10.13039/501100001408 SJF/LS-03/2014...

... of small extracellular vesicles (EVs) as propagators of neuropathology, biomarkers and potential therapeutics in neurodegenerative diseases. Neurogenerative disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Alzheimer's disease Parkinson's disease Prion disease Extracellular vesicles Exosomes miRNA...

... survival and regenerative molecules, formation of a cellular scaffold to guide regenerating axons and activation of an innate immune response. Moreover, rSCs release exosomes that are internalized by peripheral neurons, promoting axonal regeneration. Here, we demonstrate that reprogramming of Schwann cells...

... of intercellular communication. Microvesicles (MVs) represent one of the major classes of EVs and are formed by the outward budding of the plasma membrane. The second major class of EVs, exosomes, are produced as components of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and are released from cells when MVBs fuse with the cell...

... and exosome secretion. In this Review, we discuss the induction and conjugation of ISG15, as well as the functions of ISGylation in the prevention of infections and in cancer progression. We also offer a novel perspective with regard to the latest findings on this pathway, with special attention to the role...

...Marina Colombo; Catarina Moita; Guillaume van Niel; Joanna Kowal; James Vigneron; Philippe Benaroch; Nicolas Manel; Luis F. Moita; Clotilde Théry; Graça Raposo Summary Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted upon fusion of endosomal multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the plasma membrane...

... that oligodendrocytes secrete small membrane vesicles called exosomes, which are specifically and efficiently taken up by microglia both in vitro and in vivo. Internalisation of exosomes occurs by a macropinocytotic mechanism without inducing a concomitant inflammatory response. After stimulation of microglia...

...Aled Clayton; Attilla Turkes; Hossein Navabi; Malcolm D. Mason; Zsuzsanna Tabi Exosomes are nanometer-sized vesicles secreted by a diverse range of live cells that probably have physiological roles in modulating cellular immunity. The extracellular factors that regulate the quantity and phenotype...

... into the lumen of the compartment; this process results in the formation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Fusion of MVBs with the plasma membrane results in secretion of the small internal vesicles, termed exosomes. K562 cells release exosomes with similar characteristics to reticulocyte exosomes, in particular...