... organelles, heavily regulated cytoskeletal networks and complex signaling cascades. Because the actin cytoskeleton interfaces with each of these features, understanding how it evolved and diversified across eukaryotic phyla is essential to understanding the evolution and diversification of eukaryotic cells...

... relatives. Retromer Retriever Phylogenomics Endomembrane Evolution Parabasalids Grantová Agentura, Univerzita Karlova http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007543 GAUK 354622 Cooperatio Biology UNCE24/SCI/011 UNCE/SCI/12 European Regional Development Fund http://dx.doi.org...

... biology community. These voices discuss intriguing questions that consider polarity across scales, evolution, development and disease. What can yeast and protists tell us about the evolution of cell and tissue polarity in animals? How are cell fate and development influenced by emerging dynamics in cell...

... in CV function, in our case emphasizing the role of endosomal vesicle fusion machinery in the D. discoideum CV and facilitating future work to address questions regarding the deep evolution of eukaryotic organelles. * Authors for correspondence ( [email protected] ; [email protected]...

... , A. , Colot , V. and Oldroyd , B. P. ( 2021 ). How does epigenetics influence the course of evolution? Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 376 , 20200111 . 10.1098/rstb.2020.0111 Becker , R. P. and De Bruyn , P. P. H. ( 1976 ). The transmural passage of blood cells into myeloid...

... that autophagy is an evolutionally conserved mechanism to protect eukaryotic cells from starvation and other stresses. Yoshimori and colleagues have demonstrated that Stx17 participates in autophagosome formation at the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM), where it recruits the Vps34-containing class III...

... interactions Molecular structure Atomic force microscopy Evolution Cadherins are a molecular family that possess two or more tandem repeats of extracellular cadherin domains (ECs) ( Hulpiau and van Roy, 2009 ). Members of this family are found in all metazoans and some non-metazoans ( Nichols et al...

... differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic proteins. Fig. 3. Major multiplication and loss events during the evolution of representative ATG proteins. Major multiplication (green) and loss (red) events during the evolution of (A) Atg1, (B) Atg17, (C) Atg11 (FIP200), (D) Atg9, (E) Vps30/Beclin, (F...

... distinct chaperone that forms a tripartite complex with PBAC1 and PBAC2 to promote assembly of the 20S proteasome α-ring in Arabidopsis . Arabidopsis Chaperone Core protease Degradation Evolution Proteasome Proteolysis Proteostasis Regulatory particle Ubiquitin National...

... evolution), wherein negative charge was introduced into the RACK1 loop in protists and dicot plants, and is actively explored across chlorophytes and fungi. Alternatively, these patterns might represent evolutionary pressures driving the loss and/or spatial reorganization of negative charge from ancestral...

... approaches used in comparative biology studies. Chromosome segregation Comparative biology Evolution Mitosis Nuclear envelope Spindle Wellcome Trust 10.13039/100010269 103741/Z/14/Z The generality of cell biological mechanisms has become a go-to argument for researchers...

...Aaron L. Fidler; Sergei P. Boudko; Antonis Rokas; Billy G. Hudson ABSTRACT The cellular microenvironment, characterized by an extracellular matrix (ECM), played an essential role in the transition from unicellularity to multicellularity in animals (metazoans), and in the subsequent evolution...

... important proteins required for this process in trypanosomes. Significantly, these are unique and not present in animals, fungi or plants. Trypanosoma Trafficking Clathrin Cytoskeleton Flagellum Evolution Morphology Wellcome Trust 10.13039/100004440 090007/Z/09/Z Medical...

... and microbial diversity provide new insights into aspects of eukaryogenesis. Eukaryogenesis Evolution Archaea Molecular fossil Molecular dating Last eukaryotic common ancestor Chemical fossil Endosymbiosis Archaeogenesis First eukaryotic common ancestor Company of Biologists 10.13039...

... evolutionary comparison of eukaryotic nucleocytoplasmic bridging complexes suggests that they might have evolved from protein complexes involved in attaching centrosomes to the nuclear envelope. KASH protein SUN protein Opisthokonta Archeaplastida Evolution Coiled-coil domain LINC complex...

... adhesion Atomic force microscopy Insect Evolution The main cell–cell adhesion molecules at adherens junctions are members of the classical cadherin family and are conserved across bilaterians ( Harris and Tepass, 2010 ; Hulpiau and van Roy, 2009 ; Miller et al., 2013 ; Oda and Takeichi, 2011...

... to an early stage of evolution. Recent advances have highlighted how this endocytic process can be subverted during pathology – certain cancer cells use macropinocytosis to feed on extracellular protein, and many viruses and bacteria use it to enter host cells. Prion and prion-like proteins can also spread...

...Wenshu Lu; Qiongyu Chen; Songmin Ying; Xiaobing Xia; Zhanru Yu; Yuan Lui; George Tranter; Boquan Jin; Chaojun Song; Leonard W. Seymour; Shisong Jiang ABSTRACT TNF is a primitive protein that has emerged from more than 550 million years of evolution. Our bioinformatics study of TNF from nine...

... of the actin cytoskeleton in time and space . Physiol. Rev.   88 , 1 - 35 . 10.1152/physrev.00001.2007 Hightower , R. C. and Meagher , R. B. ( 1986 ). The molecular evolution of actin . Genetics   114 , 315 - 332 . Hitchcock-DeGregori , S. E. and Heald , R. W. ( 1987...

... work is properly attributed. Endocytosis Evolution Phosphoinositide Trafficking Trypanosome Endocytosis is an essential cellular process in eukaryotes. In animal cells, multiple endocytic pathways exist, but the best understood requires the vesicle coat protein clathrin. Intensive...