... (K1055, E1056, R1064 and L1065) involved in regulating IGF1R kinase activity could be explored for designing small-molecule allosteric inhibitors for IGF1R. PI3K signaling AKT IGF1R signaling ERK MAPK pathway Allosteric inhibitors Science and Engineering Research Board http...

..., respectively; hereafter ERK) stimulates the transcriptional activity of HIF-1α by inhibiting its CRM1 (XPO1)-dependent nuclear export. Here, we demonstrate that phosphorylation by ERK also regulates the association of HIF-1α with a so-far-unknown interaction partner identified as mortalin (also known as GRP75...

... by ERK1/2 activation. Moreover, immunohistochemistry analysis of hippocampal dentate gyrus showed that the percentage of Ki67 + cells markedly increased in bradykinin-treated mice, and ERK1/2 inhibition affected this neurogenic response. The progress of neurogenesis depended on sustained ERK...

... unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed. Cell protection ERK Methionyl-tRNA synthetase Misacylation Reactive oxygen species Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are generally unstable and highly reactive...

... downregulation coincides with the switch from proliferation to contact-inhibited quiescence. We reveal a novel contextual interrelationship whereby positive and negative feedback between three major signalling pathways – EGFR–ERK, PI3K–AKT and Wnt–β-catenin – enable autocrine-regulated tissue homeostasis...

...   I. , Santos   A. C. , Jacinto   A. ( 2011 ). Hole-in-one mutant phenotypes link EGFR/ERK signaling to epithelial tissue repair in Drosophila.   PLoS ONE   6 , e28349 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0028349 Gurtner   G. C. , Werner   S. , Barrandon   Y. , Longaker   M. T...

... of ERK and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling divides Xenopus embryonic wound healing into two phases. In the first phase, activated ERK suppresses PI3K activity, and is responsible for the activation of Rho and myosin-2, which drives actomyosin cable formation and constriction. The second phase...

... to form tight junctions and express very little endogenous Crumbs3, to show that inducing expression of the polarity protein Scribble is sufficient to promote tight junction formation. We show this occurs through an epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) pathway that involves Scribble suppressing ERK...

... exit that is necessary for myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, we identify Erk as a relevant target of Flt3L signaling during myogenesis, and demonstrate that Flt3L suppresses Erk signaling through p120RasGAP. In summary, our work reveals an unexpected role for an immunoregulatory cytokine...

... Ebisuya   M. , Kondoh   K. , Nishida   E. ( 2005 ). The duration, magnitude and compartmentalization of ERK MAP kinase activity: mechanisms for providing signaling specificity.   J. Cell Sci.   118 , 2997 – 3002 . 10.1242/jcs.02505 Fili   N. , Calleja   V. , Woscholski   R...

... ACAP2 Cadherin Cancer EGF receptor Epithelial–mesenchymal transition EMT Erk Glioma Integrin Tumor invasiveness The migratory potential of cells is determined by the composition of the receptor proteome present at the cell surface. Integrins engage components of the extracellular matrix...

...)-induced cell differentiation has a latent process, which is dependent on ERK activity and gene expression and required for subsequent neurite extension. A latent process can be considered as a preparation step that decodes extracellular stimulus information into cellular functions; however, molecular...

...-interacting protein-1 (JIP1) and kinase-D-interacting substrate of 220 kDa (Kidins220). KLC1ser460 is a predicted mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) target site, and we show that extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylates this residue in vitro. We also demonstrate that inhibition of ERK...

...Chi Xu; Min-Hua Hong; Le-Sha Zhang; Yuan-Yuan Hou; Yu-Hua Wang; Fei-Fei Wang; Yue-Jun Chen; Xue-Jun Xu; Jie Chen; Xin Xie; Lan Ma; Zhi-Qiang Chi; Jing-Gen Liu Distinct opioid receptor agonists have been proved to induce differential patterns of ERK activation, but the underlying mechanisms remain...

...Christopher J. Caunt; Craig A. McArdle Many stimuli activate the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) by phosphorylation on the TEY motif. Activated ERK characteristically accumulates in the nucleus, but the underlying mechanisms involved are unclear. Using automated microscopy to explore...

... to the leading edge of migrating cells, under conditions where the aPKC-exocyst control is globally abrogated. We found that activation of ERK but not JNK at focal adhesions recovers the majority of the migratory loss attributed to ERK action, demonstrating a necessary role for active plasma membrane ERK...

[email protected] ) 28 1 2010 © 2010. 2010 Chemokines Astrocytes Schwann cells Cell proliferation Erk p38 PKC Akt The CXC chemokine SDF-1 (stromal cell derived factor-1; also known as CXCL12) was originally isolated as a pre-B-cell growth-stimulating factor...

...Catherine Qiurong Pan; Yih-cherng Liou; Boon Chuan Low BPGAP1 is a multidomain Rho GTPase-activating protein (RhoGAP) that promotes Erk activation and cell motility. However, the molecular mechanism of how these two processes are linked and regulated remains unclear. Here, we show that the RhoGAP...

...-mediated signals in osteoblasts are crucial for normal postnatal bone homeostasis. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 27 11 2009 © 2010. 2010 Gab1 Osteoblast Bone mass AKT ERK Apoptosis Dysregulation of osteoblast and osteoclast activities...

..., requires both the ERK and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling pathways and is mediated by the transcription factor ERRα. Interestingly, the effect is independent of Akt-TOR signalling, a major regulator of cell growth in these cells. This separation of the pathways that drive mitochondrial...