... it initiates MT nucleation in either a branch- or bundle-forming manner, or dissociates without mediating nucleation. In this study, we analyzed how γTuRCs influence MT nucleation and dynamics in cotyledon pavement cells of Arabidopsis thaliana . We found that γTuRC nucleated MTs at angles of ∼40° toward...

...Trey Farmer; James B. Reinecke; Shuwei Xie; Kriti Bahl; Naava Naslavsky; Steve Caplan ABSTRACT Mitochondria play essential roles in cellular energy processes, including ATP production, control of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. While mitochondrial function is regulated by the dynamics...

..., a putative LINC protein. Inhibition of actin polymerization reduces subtelomere dynamics, resulting in more confined territories and enrichment in subtelomeric contacts. Artificial tethering of actin to nuclear pores increased both nuclear pore complex (NPC) and subtelomere motion. Chromosome loci that were...

...Aneta Skwarek-Maruszewska; Pirta Hotulainen; Pieta K. Mattila; Pekka Lappalainen In contrast to the highly dynamic actin cytoskeleton in non-muscle cells, actin filaments in muscle sarcomeres are thought to be relatively stable and undergo dynamics only at their ends. However, many proteins...

...Jamie Simek; Jared Churko; Qing Shao; Dale W. Laird Connexin 43 (Cx43) is a dynamic molecule, having a short half-life of only a few hours. In this study, we use fluorescent-protein-tagged Cx43 variants to examine Cx43 delivery to the cell surface, its residency status in various cell-surface...

...Sung-Young Shin; Oliver Rath; Sang-Mok Choo; Frances Fee; Brian McFerran; Walter Kolch; Kwang-Hyun Cho The Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway (or ERK pathway) is an important signal transduction system involved in the control of cell proliferation, survival and differentiation. However, the dynamic regulation...

...Frederick J. Tan; Michelle Husain; Cara Marie Manlandro; Marijke Koppenol; Andrew Z. Fire; R. Blake Hill Mitochondrial homeostasis reflects a dynamic balance between membrane fission and fusion events thought essential for mitochondrial function. We report here that altered expression of the C...

... dynamics in HDAC6-inhibited cells because dynamic microtubules are required to target adhesions for turnover. HDAC6 inhibition yielded a decrease in microtubule dynamics that was sufficient to decrease focal adhesion turnover. Thus, our results suggest a scenario in which the decreased dynamics...

...Javier Aguilar-Fuentes; Viviana Valadez-Graham; Enrique Reynaud; Mario Zurita We present the first analysis of the dynamics of the transcription DNA-repair factor TFIIH at the onset of transcription in early Drosophila development. TFIIH is composed of ten polypeptides that are part of two...

... (CDK). In this study we have addressed the role of these phosphorylation events in the dynamics and location of protein B23. Mutation of the CK2 phosphorylation site to alanine results in slower recovery of the mutant compared with the wild-type protein as measured by fluorescence recovery after...

... fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) to analyze the distribution and dynamics of HMGA1a in vivo. HMGA1-GFP proteins localize preferentially to heterochromatin and remain bound to chromosomes during mitosis. FRAP experiments showed...

... in interphase cells requires protein phosphatase activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89 , 11093 -11097. Eriksson, J. E., Opal, P. and Goldman, R. D. ( 1992b ). Intermediate filament dynamics. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 4 , 99 -104. Eriksson, J. E., Toivola, D. M., Sahlgren, C., Mikhailov...

...Irina Kaverina; Theresia E. B. Stradal; Mario Gimona Phorbol ester triggers the conversion of focal adhesions into podosomes in A7r5 smooth muscle cells. Here we followed the dynamics of podosome formation using dual fluorescence live video and confocal microscopy, as well as interference...

...Meredith Johnson Sagolla; Satoru Uzawa; W. Zacheus Cande Schizosaccharomyces pombe is an excellent organism for studying microtubule dynamics owing to the presence of well-defined microtubule arrays that undergo dramatic rearrangements during various stages of the cell cycle. Using sensitive time...

...Yulia A. Komarova; Ivan A. Vorobjev; Gary G. Borisy Microtubule dynamics were investigated in CHO and NRK cells by novel experimental approaches designed to evaluate the microtubule behavior in the cell interior. These approaches were: (1) laser photobleaching of a path through the centrosome; (2...

...Shigehiko Yumura; Yoshio Fukui ABSTRACT To study the spatial and temporal regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, we have analyzed the actin concentration dynamics in live Dictyostelium . The relative actin concentration was analyzed with respect to cell behavior by fluorescence morphometry. We...

... by, the movements of the centrosomes and microtubules that produce the mitotic spindle. Furthermore, throughout this time the nuclear envelope structure is permeable to large macromolecules, which are excluded in interphase. While the functional significance of these structural dynamics is not yet clear...

...Aydin Tözeren; Hynda K. Kleinman; Stephen Wu; Arthur M. Mercurio; Stephen W. Byers ABSTRACT We present here a novel form of dynamic adhesion in which both the integrin receptor and the ligand supporting dynamic adhesion have been identified. Laminar flow assays showed that laminin supported...

...Peter M. Bayley; Maria J. Schilstra; Stephen R. Martin ABSTRACT A simple formulation of microtubule dynamic instability is presented, which is based on the experimental observations by T. Horio and H. Hotani of coexisting, interconverting growing and shrinking microtubules. Employing only three...

...Jin Cheng-Zhi ABSTRACT The dynamic nature of the red cell membrane cytoskeleton was examined by the method of fluorescence redistribution after fusion (FRAF). Ghosts, labelled at the interior membrane surface, and intact cells, labelled at the outer surface with a different fluorophore, were fused...