...Rachel Bear; Steven A. Sloan; Tamara Caspary Primary cilia function as specialized signaling centers that regulate many cellular processes including neuron and glia development. Astrocytes possess cilia, but the function of cilia in astrocyte development remains largely unexplored. Critically...

... phosphatase INPP5E from mature photoreceptors leads to rapid outer segment degeneration marked by a failure to form new discs and structural abnormalities of the Golgi complex. Inpp5e Retinal degeneration Cilia Vision National Institutes of Health http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000002...

... differentiated into osteoblasts. Under basal and Hh pathway-stimulated conditions, primary cilia play essential roles in proteolytic processing of GLI3 to its repressor form (GLI3R) and in activation of GLI2. Although previous studies in mice have suggested that Gli1 expression depends on GLI2 and GLI3...

...Shingo Yamazaki; Taiju Fujii; Shuhei Chiba; Hye-Won Shin; Kazuhisa Nakayama; Yohei Katoh ABSTRACT Primary cilia have specific proteins on their membrane to fulfill their sensory functions. Preservation of the specific protein composition of cilia relies on the barrier function of the transition...

...Shangjin Shao; Yuling Chen; Haiteng Deng; Junmin Pan ABSTRACT Intraflagellar transport (IFT) is required for ciliary assembly. The IFT machinery comprises the IFT motors kinesin-2 and IFT dynein plus IFT-A and IFT-B complexes, which assemble into IFT trains in cilia. To gain mechanistic...

... Ciliogenesis Trypanosoma Cilia Flagella Nigel Groome PhD studentship Wellcome Trust http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010269 211075/Z/18/Z Oxford Brookes University http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010053 Cilia and flagella are highly conserved microtubule-based...

...Johannes F. Weijman; Laura Vuolo; Caroline Shak; Anna Pugnetti; Aakash G. Mukhopadhyay; Lorna R. Hodgson; Kate J. Heesom; Anthony J. Roberts; David J. Stephens ABSTRACT Primary cilia are essential eukaryotic organelles required for signalling and secretion. Dynein-2 is a microtubule-motor protein...

...Poulomi Das; Betlehem Mekonnen; Rama Alkhofash; Abha V. Ingle; E. Blair Workman; Alec Feather; Gui Zhang; Nathan Chasen; Peiwei Liu; Karl F. Lechtreck ABSTRACT In Chlamydomonas , the channel polycystin 2 (PKD2) is primarily present in the distal region of cilia, where it is attached to the axoneme...

... to separate genetic material equally into two daughter cells. In non-dividing cells, the mother centriole, a substructure of the centrosome, matures into a basal body and nucleates cilia, which acts as a signal-transducing antenna. The functions of centrosomes and their substructures are important...

...Huxley K. Hoffman; Rytis Prekeris ABSTRACT Primary cilia are sensory cellular organelles crucial for organ development and homeostasis. Ciliogenesis in polarized epithelial cells requires Rab19-mediated clearing of apical cortical actin to allow the cilium to grow from the apically docked basal...

...Riley A. Cooney; Maxwell L. Saal; Kara P. Geraci; Caitlin Maynard; Ondine Cleaver; Oanh N. Hoang; Todd T. Moore; Rosa F. Hwang; Jeffrey D. Axelrod; Eszter K. Vladar ABSTRACT Multiciliated cells contain hundreds of cilia whose directional movement powers the mucociliary clearance of the airways...

...Tomohiro Kubo; Yuma Tani; Haru-Aki Yanagisawa; Masahide Kikkawa; Toshiyuki Oda ABSTRACT α- and β-tubulin have an unstructured glutamate-rich region at their C-terminal tails (CTTs). The function of this region in cilia and flagella is still unclear, except that glutamates in CTTs act as the sites...

... discovery that calcineurin directly associates with centriolar proteins highlights a role for Ca 2+ and calcineurin signaling at these organelles. Calcineurin inhibition promotes elongation of primary cilia without affecting ciliogenesis. Thus, Ca 2+ signaling within cilia includes previously unknown...

...Peiwei Liu; Ying Liu; Jun Zhou ABSTRACT Cilia are surface-exposed organelles that provide motility and sensory functions for cells, and it is widely believed that mechanosensation can be mediated through cilia. Polycystin-1 and -2 (PC-1 and PC-2, respectively) are transmembrane proteins that can...

...Shunya Hiyamizu; Hantian Qiu; Laura Vuolo; Nicola L. Stevenson; Caroline Shak; Kate J. Heesom; Yuki Hamada; Yuta Tsurumi; Shuhei Chiba; Yohei Katoh; David J. Stephens; Kazuhisa Nakayama ABSTRACT The dynein-2 complex must be transported anterogradely within cilia to then drive retrograde trafficking...

...Karl Lechtreck ABSTRACT The assembly and maintenance of most cilia and eukaryotic flagella depends on intraflagellar transport (IFT), the bidirectional movement of multi-megadalton IFT trains along the axonemal microtubules. These IFT trains function as carriers, moving ciliary proteins between...

...Chun-Xue Song; Xian-Ting Zeng; Wan-Xin Zeng; Rong Liu; Xia-Jing Tong; Qian Li ABSTRACT Cilia are conserved organelles found in many cell types in eukaryotes, and their dysfunction causes defects in environmental sensing and signaling transduction; such defects are termed ciliopathies. Distinct...

... and anterograde transport, respectively, in the cilium. WDR34 (also known as DYNC2I2), a dynein-2 intermediate chain, is required for the maintenance of cilia function. Here, we investigated WDR34 mutations identified in Jeune syndrome, short-rib polydactyly syndrome and asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia patients...

...Irene Ojeda Naharros; Maxence V. Nachury ABSTRACT Cilia sense and transduce sensory stimuli, homeostatic cues and developmental signals by orchestrating signaling reactions. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) that bud from the ciliary membrane have well-studied roles in the disposal of excess ciliary...

...Jaime V. K. Hibbard; Neftalí Vázquez; John B. Wallingford ABSTRACT Cilia are multifunctional organelles that originated with the last eukaryotic common ancestor and play central roles in the life cycles of diverse organisms. The motile flagella that move single cells like sperm or unicellular...