...Huxley K. Hoffman; Rytis Prekeris ABSTRACT Primary cilia are sensory cellular organelles crucial for organ development and homeostasis. Ciliogenesis in polarized epithelial cells requires Rab19-mediated clearing of apical cortical actin to allow the cilium to grow from the apically docked basal...

...Riley A. Cooney; Maxwell L. Saal; Kara P. Geraci; Caitlin Maynard; Ondine Cleaver; Oanh N. Hoang; Todd T. Moore; Rosa F. Hwang; Jeffrey D. Axelrod; Eszter K. Vladar ABSTRACT Multiciliated cells contain hundreds of cilia whose directional movement powers the mucociliary clearance of the airways...

...Tomohiro Kubo; Yuma Tani; Haru-Aki Yanagisawa; Masahide Kikkawa; Toshiyuki Oda ABSTRACT α- and β-tubulin have an unstructured glutamate-rich region at their C-terminal tails (CTTs). The function of this region in cilia and flagella is still unclear, except that glutamates in CTTs act as the sites...

... discovery that calcineurin directly associates with centriolar proteins highlights a role for Ca 2+ and calcineurin signaling at these organelles. Calcineurin inhibition promotes elongation of primary cilia without affecting ciliogenesis. Thus, Ca 2+ signaling within cilia includes previously unknown...

...Peiwei Liu; Ying Liu; Jun Zhou ABSTRACT Cilia are surface-exposed organelles that provide motility and sensory functions for cells, and it is widely believed that mechanosensation can be mediated through cilia. Polycystin-1 and -2 (PC-1 and PC-2, respectively) are transmembrane proteins that can...

...Shunya Hiyamizu; Hantian Qiu; Laura Vuolo; Nicola L. Stevenson; Caroline Shak; Kate J. Heesom; Yuki Hamada; Yuta Tsurumi; Shuhei Chiba; Yohei Katoh; David J. Stephens; Kazuhisa Nakayama ABSTRACT The dynein-2 complex must be transported anterogradely within cilia to then drive retrograde trafficking...

...Chun-Xue Song; Xian-Ting Zeng; Wan-Xin Zeng; Rong Liu; Xia-Jing Tong; Qian Li ABSTRACT Cilia are conserved organelles found in many cell types in eukaryotes, and their dysfunction causes defects in environmental sensing and signaling transduction; such defects are termed ciliopathies. Distinct...

...Karl Lechtreck ABSTRACT The assembly and maintenance of most cilia and eukaryotic flagella depends on intraflagellar transport (IFT), the bidirectional movement of multi-megadalton IFT trains along the axonemal microtubules. These IFT trains function as carriers, moving ciliary proteins between...

... and anterograde transport, respectively, in the cilium. WDR34 (also known as DYNC2I2), a dynein-2 intermediate chain, is required for the maintenance of cilia function. Here, we investigated WDR34 mutations identified in Jeune syndrome, short-rib polydactyly syndrome and asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia patients...

...Irene Ojeda Naharros; Maxence V. Nachury ABSTRACT Cilia sense and transduce sensory stimuli, homeostatic cues and developmental signals by orchestrating signaling reactions. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) that bud from the ciliary membrane have well-studied roles in the disposal of excess ciliary...

...Jaime V. K. Hibbard; Neftalí Vázquez; John B. Wallingford ABSTRACT Cilia are multifunctional organelles that originated with the last eukaryotic common ancestor and play central roles in the life cycles of diverse organisms. The motile flagella that move single cells like sperm or unicellular...

...Bo Lv; Xiao-Ou Zhang; Gregory J. Pazour ABSTRACT During Hedgehog signaling, the ciliary levels of Ptch1 and Smo are regulated by the pathway. At the basal state, Ptch1 localizes to cilia and prevents the ciliary accumulation and activation of Smo. Upon binding a Hedgehog ligand, Ptch1 exits cilia...

...Mia J. Konjikusic; Chanjae Lee; Yang Yue; Bikram D. Shrestha; Ange M. Nguimtsop; Amjad Horani; Steven Brody; Vivek N. Prakash; Ryan S. Gray; Kristen J. Verhey; John B. Wallingford ABSTRACT Most motile cilia have a stereotyped structure of nine microtubule outer doublets and a single central pair...

...Alice Dupont Juhl; Zeinab Anvarian; Stefanie Kuhns; Julia Berges; Jens S. Andersen; Daniel Wüstner; Lotte B. Pedersen ABSTRACT Primary cilia are microtubule-based sensory organelles whose assembly and function rely on the conserved bidirectional intraflagellar transport (IFT) system, which...

...Huxley K. Hoffman; Rytis Prekeris ABSTRACT Primary cilia play a key role in the ability of cells to respond to extracellular stimuli, such as signaling molecules and environmental cues. These sensory organelles are crucial to the development of many organ systems, and defects in primary...

...Kotoku Kawaguchi; Shogo Nakayama; Daichi Saito; Haruka Kogiso; Kasane Yasuoka; Yoshinori Marunaka; Takashi Nakahari; Shinji Asano ABSTRACT Mucociliary clearance, which is conducted by beating cilia cooperating with the surface mucous layer, is a major host defense mechanism of the airway epithelium...

.... and Pigino , G. ( 2018 ). The cryo-EM structure of intraflagellar transport trains reveals how dynein is inactivated to ensure unidirectional anterograde movement in cilia . Nat. Cell Biol. 20 , 1250 - 1255 . 10.1038/s41556-018-0213-1 Kamiyama , D. , Sekine , S. , Barsi-Rhyne , B...

... at centrioles. Here, I define rootlets as rootletin- or SF-assemblin-based striated centriolar fibres, but precise usage of the term varies dependent on field. Transition zone : a zone at the base of cilia involved in entry to, and exit from, cilia. Rootlets are well described by electron microscopy...

...Stephen M. King ABSTRACT Axonemal dyneins power the beating of motile cilia and flagella. These massive multimeric motor complexes are assembled in the cytoplasm, and subsequently trafficked to cilia and incorporated into the axonemal superstructure. Numerous cytoplasmic factors are required...

... Summary: A discussion of the current structural understanding of the intraflagellar transport (IFT) and of how IFT trains function as macromolecular machines to assemble the structure of the cilium. IFT Cilia Dynein Kinesin Protein structure Transport Cilia are highly ordered...