... and crosstalk of microtubules and actin at the cell cortex, thereby regulating the mitotic spindle machinery and chromosome segregation. Yet, the precise mechanisms linking plasma membrane remodelling to cell polarity and cortical cytoskeleton dynamics to ensure accurate execution of mitosis in mammalian...

... harmful degradation. However, there is accumulating evidence revealing the requirement of selective autophagy and functional lysosomes for a faithful chromosome segregation. Degradation is the most-studied lysosomal activity, but recently described alternative functions that operate in mitosis highlight...

... oocytes, and that these F-actin structures deteriorate with advancing reproductive age. Oocyte Nuclear F-actin Meiosis Aneuploidy Chromosome segregation Infertility Wellcome Trust http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010269 213470/Z/18/Z Royal Society http://dx.doi.org/10.13039...

... the antagonism between Aurora B and phosphatase activities ( Keating et al., 2020 ). Oocytes in many organisms, including insects and mammals, undergo a long prophase arrest, which may be a cause of errors in chromosome segregation ( Kitajima, 2018 ; Mihajlović and FitzHarris, 2018 ; Webster and Schuh, 2017...

... disassembly of the SC occurs prior to segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I. We examined the requirements of the mammalian Aurora kinases (AURKA, AURKB and AURKC) during SC disassembly and chromosome segregation using a combination of chemical inhibition and gene deletion approaches. We find...

... replication and chromosome segregation. The parasite undergoes atypical endomitosis and endoreduplication with an intact nuclear membrane and intranuclear mitotic spindle. To understand these diverse modes of Plasmodium cell division, we have studied the behaviour and composition of the outer kinetochore...

...Banafsheh Etemad; Abel Vertesy; Timo E. F. Kuijt; Carlos Sacristan; Alexander van Oudenaarden; Geert J. P. L. Kops ABSTRACT The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) ensures proper chromosome segregation by monitoring kinetochore–microtubule interactions. SAC proteins are shed from kinetochores once...

... ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes Chromosome segregation Protein ubiquitylation is a common and complex protein modification in which the highly conserved ubiquitin protein is covalently linked to the ε amino group of lysine residues. Most of these modification events regulate protein stability...

... in cell biology continues to come from just a few well-established models. In this Review, I use the highly diverse strategies of chromosome segregation in eukaryotes as an instrument for a more general discussion on phenotypic variation, possible rules underlying its emergence and its utility...

... attributed. Highlighted Article: Micronuclei, which are common in cancer cells, are prone to missegregation owing to kinetochore assembly defects. This represents a mechanism to delay the reincorporation of excess chromosome(s) and/or damaged DNA. Micronucleus Chromosome segregation...

...Zhen-Yu She; Wan-Xi Yang ABSTRACT During eukaryote cell division, molecular motors are crucial regulators of microtubule organization, spindle assembly, chromosome segregation and intracellular transport. The kinesin-14 motors are evolutionarily conserved minus-end-directed kinesin motors...

... and cancer. Roles of the Smc5/6 structural maintenance of chromosomes complex in pluripotent stem cell genome maintenance have not been investigated, despite its important roles in DNA synthesis, DNA repair and chromosome segregation as evaluated in other model systems. Using mouse embryonic stem cells...

...Ai Takemoto; Shigehiro A. Kawashima; Juan-Juan Li; Linda Jeffery; Kenzo Yamatsugu; Olivier Elemento; Paul Nurse ABSTRACT Here, we screened a 10,371 library of diverse molecules using a drug-sensitive fission yeast strain to identify compounds which cause defects in chromosome segregation during...

...Heather D. Eshleman; David O. Morgan ABSTRACT Sister chromatid bi-orientation on the mitotic spindle is essential for proper chromosome segregation. Defects in bi-orientation are sensed and corrected to prevent chromosome mis-segregation and aneuploidy. This response depends on the adaptor protein...

... by recruiting B56–PP2A phosphatase complexes. * These authors contributed equally to this work ‡ Author for correspondence ( jakob.nilsson@cpr.ku.dk ) 11 12 2012 © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2013 BubR1 B56–PP2A Kinetochore Chromosome segregation...

... ). Species-specific heterochromatin prevents mitotic chromosome segregation to cause hybrid lethality in Drosophila.   PLoS Biol.   7 , e1000234 . 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000234 Ferree   P. M. , Avery   A. , Azpurua   J. , Wilkes   T. , Werren   J. H. ( 2008 ). A bacterium targets...

... factors such as the chromosome passenger complex. * Author for correspondence ( mckim@rci.rutgers.edu ) 4 7 2011 © 2011. 2011 Meiosis Mitosis Microtubule Drosophila melanogaster Acentrosomal spindle Chromosome segregation Ran is a member of the Ras family of small...

... chromatin to allow nucleus formation. Here, we show that in HeLa cells Ufd1–Npl4 already antagonizes Aurora B on chromosomes during earlier mitotic stages and that this is crucial for proper chromosome segregation. Depletion of Ufd1–Npl4 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) caused chromosome alignment...

...Gonzalo Fernández-Miranda; Ignacio Pérez de Castro; Mar Carmena; Cristina Aguirre-Portolés; Sandrine Ruchaud; Xavier Fant; Guillermo Montoya; William C. Earnshaw; Marcos Malumbres Aurora kinases are central regulators of mitotic-spindle assembly, chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. Aurora B...

... but produces secondary spermatocytes and spermatids with a 4 C DNA content, suggesting that the first and possibly also the second meiotic division is abolished. Expression of Rec8-N in oocytes causes chromosome segregation to be asynchronous and delays its completion by 2-3 hours during anaphase I, probably...