... dysfunction-induced activation of the catabolic response in chondrocytes. Using cartilage slices from normal and OA cartilage, we showed that mitochondrial membrane potential was lower in OA cartilage, and that this was associated with increased production of mitochondrial superoxide and catabolic genes...

... that LRP1 regulates WNT–β-catenin and protein kinase C signaling in chondrocytes, represses the hypertrophy of chondrocytes during endochondral ossification and that LRP1 is colocalized with a ligand, CCN family member 2 (CCN2; also known as connective tissue growth factor, CTGF), which conducts...

..., we demonstrate that matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) produced and secreted by chondrocytes generate biologically functional 16K-prolactin from full-length prolactin. When incubated with human prolactin at neutral pH, chondrocyte extracts and conditioned medium, as well as chondrocytes in culture...

...) signaling. In the present study, we show that activation of FGFR in chondrocytes induces the expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3 mRNA, and that these proteins are constitutively associated with FGFR3, as demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation studies. Transfection of cells with FGFR3-GFP and SOCS1-CFP revealed...

... and shared significantly reduced longitudinal bone growth. Mutant long bones were characterised by reduced numbers of growth plate chondrocytes and a severe osteoporosis. Decreased JunB levels in epiphysal growth plate chondrocytes and bone lining osteoblasts correlated with deregulated expression of Cyclin...

...David Pfander; Thorsten Cramer; Ernestina Schipani; Randall S. Johnson The transcription factor HIF-1α plays a crucial role in modifying gene expression during low oxygen tension. In a previous study, we demonstrated that HIF-1α is essential for chondrocyte growth arrest and survival in vivo...

...Ron A. Deckelbaum; George Chan; Dengshun Miao; David Goltzman; Andrew C. Karaplis Indian Hedgehog (Ihh), a member of the hedgehog (HH) family of secreted morphogens, and parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) are key regulators of cartilage cell (chondrocyte) differentiation. We have...

...Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen; Efrat Mosonego-Ornan; Einat Sadot; Liora Madar-Shapiro; Yuri Sheinin; Doron Ginsberg; Avner Yayon The effect of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) on mature chondrocytes, the cells responsible for axial skeletal development, is growth attenuation rather than stimulation...

...Qiang Hua; Cheryl B. Knudson; Warren Knudson ABSTRACT Several studies have suggested that chondrocytes must have the capacity to internalize and degrade extracellular hyaluronan. In the present study we show direct evidence that hyaluronan is, in fact, endocytosed by chondrocytes...

...Graeme K. Hunter; Douglas P. Holmyard; Kenneth P. H. Pritzker ABSTRACT Chick embryo vertebral chondrocytes (CHECOV cells) grown in agarose gels form spherical colonies containing cells of hypertrophic morphology and a metachro-matically staining matrix. Biochemical analysis of these cultures...

... cadmium concentrations down to 100 pM stimulate cell growth and DNA synthesis significantly. Stimulation is found in all three mammalian cell types examined: namely L6J1, a rat permanent myoblast cell line, LLC-PK 1 porcine renal epithelial cells, and a primary rat chondrocyte culture. Cd acts...

...Takashi Tsukahara; Miya Okamura; Sakaru Suzuki; Hisashi Iwata; Takayuki Miura; Koji Kimata ABSTRACT Cartilage matrix deficiency (cmd/cmd) in mice is a genetic disorder associated with the failure of chondrocytes to synthesize the core protein of cartilage proteoglycan monomer (cartilage-PG...

...Martin Siczkowski; Fiona M. Watt ABSTRACT Articular cartilage varies in ultrastructure and composition with distance from the articular surface. We have cultured chondrocytes from different zones of pig articular cartilage and investigated whether there are intrinsic differences in their behaviour...

...J. Terrig Thomas; Raymond P. Boot-Handford; Michael E. Grant ABSTRACT Chondrocytes from the cephalic region of 18-day chick embryo sterna were cultured within type I collagen gels in the presence of increasing concentrations of calcium β-glycerophosphate (Ca PGP) (2.5 mM, 5mM and 10 mM) or 2mM...

...Carole A. Lancaster; Patricia R. Fryer; Stephen Griffiths; Roger M. Mason ABSTRACT Cyclofenil diphenol, a weak non-steroidal oestrogen, profoundly inhibits [ 35 S] proteoglycan synthesis in cultures of Swarm chondrosarcoma chondrocytes under conditions in which protein synthesis is only marginally...

...Fiona M. Watt ABSTRACT Articular chondrocytes are known to be pheno-typically unstable in culture. One condition that has been reported to suppress dedifferentiation is cultivation at high density on tissue-culture plasΛtic. The aim of the experiments described here was to study the effect...

...Jelena Gavrilovic; Rosalind M. Hembry; John J. Reynolds; Gillian Murphy ABSTRACT A specific antiserum to purified rabbit tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) was raised in sheep, characterized and used to investigate the role of TIMP in a model system. Chondrocytes and endothelial cells...