...Tim Vervliet; Robin Duelen; Ankit Pradhan; Rita La Rovere; H. Llewelyn Roderick; Maurilio Sampaolesi ABSTRACT Anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) regulates a wide array of cellular functions involved in cell death, cell survival and autophagy. Less known is its involvement...

... inhibiting the activation of JNK and autophagic signaling following nutrient starvation. The precise molecular mechanisms linking Gαi3 to both stress and growth factor signaling remain poorly understood. Importantly, JNK-mediated phosphorylation of Bcl-2 was previously found to activate autophagic signaling...

...Tim Vervliet; Elke Decrock; Jordi Molgó; Vincenzo Sorrentino; Ludwig Missiaen; Luc Leybaert; Humbert De Smedt; Nael Nadif Kasri; Jan B. Parys; Geert Bultynck ABSTRACT The anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein not only counteracts apoptosis at the mitochondria by scaffolding pro-apoptotic...

... inhibitory factor Ras suppressor protein-1 (RSU-1), whose stability was severely reduced upon loss of PINCH-1. Chemical inhibition of JNK attenuated apoptosis of PrE cells but failed to reduce Bax activity. The increased Bax activity was associated with reduced integrin signalling and diminished Bcl-2 levels...

... of Biologists Limited 2008 2008 Bcl-2 BCL2 CED-9 DRP-1 Mitochondria Morphology Dynamics Homeostasis C. elegans Transmembrane domain Bcl-2 proteins regulate apoptosis through a mechanism that is sensitive to their expression levels, which vary among Bcl-2 homologs and different tumor...

... to many tumors that are not responsive to treatment ( Fig. 3 ). In cells capable of apoptosis, starvation-induced metabolic stress is a potent activator of this form of cell death. It requires pro-apoptotic BAX or BAK and is inhibited by anti-apoptotic BCL-2, although exactly how apoptosis...

... transmembrane potential, caspase activation and chromatin condensation. While caspase inhibition retarded cell death, it had no protective effect on mitochondria. Stabilization of mitochondria by overexpression of Bcl-2 or the mitochondrion-targeted cytomegalovirus protein vMIA, however, blocked all signs...

... developmental events: the loss of Bcl-2 expression by neurons and the maturation of astrocytes. Before postnatal day 4, when astrocytes are immature, overexpression of Bcl-2 alone supported robust and rapid optic nerve regeneration over long distances, leading to innervation of brain targets by day 4 in mice...

... of mitochondria is still unclear, the activation of multidomain pro-apoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family, such as Bax and Bak, is evidently crucial. Regulation of Bax and Bak by other members of the family has been known for a long time, but recent evidence suggests that additional unrelated proteins...

... a nucleus or mitochondrial DNA, yet was inhibited when two mitochondrion-stabilizing proteins, Bcl-2 or vMIA, were overexpressed. Contagious apoptosis could be induced in primary human T cells, as well as in vivo, in T cells exposed to dying Env-expressing cells. Altogether, these data point to a novel...

...-mediated pathways to apoptosis. Hsps can inhibit the activity of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins to prevent permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane and release of apoptogenic factors. The disruption of apoptosome formation represents another mechanism by which Hsps can prevent caspase activation...

...Michael J. Thomenius; Clark W. Distelhorst Bcl-2 has been described both as an inhibitor of programmed cell death and as an inhibitor of mitochondrial dysfunction during apoptosis. It is still not clear what biochemical activity of Bcl-2 is responsible for its function, but increasing evidence...

...Laiji Li; Jody Backer; Annisa S. K. Wong; Erin L. Schwanke; Brian G. Stewart; Manijeh Pasdar Bcl-2, a member of the apoptosis-regulating family of proteins confers a survival advantage on cells by inhibiting apoptosis. Bcl-2 expression is estrogen-responsive and high in various tumors...

...Philippe Bouillet; Andreas Strasser The BH3-only members of the Bcl-2 protein family are essential initiators of programmed cell death and are required for apoptosis induced by cytotoxic stimuli. These proteins have evolved to recognise distinct forms of cell stress. In response, they unleash...

...Justine Rudner; Albrecht Lepple-Wienhues; Wilfried Budach; Johannes Berschauer; Björn Friedrich; Sebastian Wesselborg; Klaus Schulze-Osthoff; Claus Belka The proto-oncogene Bcl-2 is expressed in membranes of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum and mediates resistance against a broad range...

...R. S. P. Benson; C. Dive; A. J. M. Watson ABSTRACT The role of intracellular acidification in the execution phase of apoptosis is not well understood. Here we examine the effect of Bcl-2 over-expression on intracellular acidification occurring during apoptosis. We found, that in CEM cells, neither...

... of IL-3 and after 4 hours when cells are treated with etoposide, close to the time of detection of ICE-like protease activity. Increasing extracellular pH reduces ICE-like protease activation and DNA fragmentation. Bcl-2 over-expression both delays acidification and inhibits ICE-like protease activation...

... western and northern blots showed an induction of c-myc gene expression during treatment with glucose-free medium in MCF-7/ADR cells. MCF-7/ADR cells transfected with c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleotides became resistant to glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis. Overexpression of bcl-2 gene protected MCF...

..., and demonstrated that survival is enhanced by cell-cell contact. A function-blocking anti-β 1 integrin antibody doubled the rate of apoptosis in single cells cultured with basement membrane, indicating that integrin-mediated signals contributed to survival. We examined the cell death-associated genes bcl-2 and bax...

... intestine and colon of BDF1 mice. This was compared, using immuno-histochemistry, with the pattern of expression of bcl-2, a suppressor of apoptosis. In the small intestine, apoptosis was maximal around cell position 4 from the base of the crypt; this closely corresponds to the position considered...