...; Jinhua Wu; Vesa P. Hytönen; Bernhard Wehrle-Haller ABSTRACT Integrin activation and clustering by talin are early steps of cell adhesion. Membrane-bound talin head domain and kindlin bind to the β integrin cytoplasmic tail, cooperating to activate the heterodimeric integrin, and the talin head domain...

... proposed as an avenue to explore for a putative therapy in these conditions. We hypothesised that activating Rab7a to promote the recruitment of retromer to endosomes could positively modulate its activity. Here, we show that inhibition of the GTPase activating protein TBC1D5 can enhance Rab7a activation...

..., are regulated in multiple ways to modulate cell–ECM adhesion. One example is the conformational activation of integrins by extracellular signals (‘outside-in activation’) or by intracellular signals (‘inside-out activation’), whereas another is the modulation of integrin turnover. We demonstrate that outside...

..., maintenance of tissue homeostasis and immunological responses. The activity of integrins, which indicates their affinity towards their ligands, is tightly regulated such that signals inside the cell cruicially regulate the switching between active and inactive states. An impaired ability to activate integrins...

...Justin P. Annes; John S. Munger; Daniel B Rifkin TGFβ is secreted as part of a latent complex that is targeted to the extracellular matrix. A variety of molecules, `TGFβ activators,' release TGFβ from its latent state. The unusual temporal discontinuity of TGFβ synthesis and action and the panoply...

... in the presence of monocytes. In culture medium from cocultures we detected active forms of the matrix metalloproteinases MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9 accompanied by induction of gene expression of MMP-1, membrane type 1 MMP (MT1-MMP) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) in chondrocytes. No gene...

.... The results presented here indicate that JAM-1, a receptor for a platelet-activating antibody, is the human homolog of the junctional adhesion molecule. JAM-1 is a single copy gene, which is constitutively expressed on various tissues and cells, and may be involved in cell to cell adhesion through homophilic...

...-cell hybridomas requires activation, which apparently occurs upon contact with cell layers that are invaded (G. La Rivière et al., J. Cell Sci . 107, 551-559, 1994). LFA-1 can be activated artificially by Mn 2+ . To study LFA-1 redistribution upon ICAM-1 interaction with higher resolution, we performed...

... for the CD32 medium affinity IgG receptor were driven along human monocytic THP-1 cells (expressing CD32) in a flow chamber operated at low shear rate. Surprisingly, only minimal adhesion was observed. However, when cells were activated by exposure to fibronectin-coated surfaces and/or soluble gamma interferon...

... Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates 17 01 1997 21 05 1997 © 1997 by Company of Biologists 1997 Neutrophil Activation Motility fMLP Calcium Neutrophil activation by chemoattractants and pathogens involves several responses, known as motility...

...Nicola J. Winston; Orla McGuinness; Martin H. Johnson; Bernard Maro ABSTRACT To study the role of the metaphase spindle during the period of oocyte activation, mouse oocytes were fertilised or activated parthenogenetically in the presence or absence of the microtubule inhibitor nocodazole. In both...

... microscopy that the beads are found on the non-adhering side (uppermost or outer) of the cell when fibronectin-bearing beads are used, presumably because fibronectin will not attach to haemoglobin. The increased adhesion and spreading found in such cases must be attributed to an activation produced...

... macrophages (MΦ) (recruited with thioglycollate or periodate) and fully activated MΦ (recruited with live Bacille Calmette-Guérin , or heat-killed Corynebacterium parvum); the major species migrates with M t 89-115 kDa in 10 % acrylamide gels. These glycoproteins are not detected in resident peritoneal MΦ...