Issues
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Cover image
Cover Image
Cover: Salmonella are enteropathogenic bacteria that can infect and replicate in the cells of their host. The image shows an infected HeLa cell. Salmonella (white) located near the nucleus (DAPI, green) have created a replication niche by recruiting detoxified lysosomes and inducing the formation of membrane tubules (LAMP1, red), which they use to capture nutrients in the cell. These tubules use microtubules (tubulin, blue) and their associated molecular motors to stretch and form structures that can be tens of micrometres long. See article by Z. Fang et al. (jcs259183).
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
FIRST PERSON
REVIEWS
Supply chain logistics – the role of the Golgi complex in extracellular matrix production and maintenance
Summary: This Review describes current knowledge on the major role of the Golgi apparatus, the central organelle of the secretory pathway, in the production and maintenance of the extracellular matrix.
Made by cells for cells – extracellular vesicles as next-generation mainstream medicines
Summary: Extracellular vesicles, which are natural nanoparticles released from all cells, hold great promise to transform future medicine and enable truly personalised treatments.
RESEARCH ARTICLES
Downregulation of collagen XI during late postnatal corneal development is followed by upregulation after injury
Summary: Collagen XI, a minor fibrillar collagen, is expressed in mouse corneal stroma during early development and following injury in adults to regulate collagen fibrillogenesis.
TAZ exhibits phase separation properties and interacts with Smad7 and β-catenin to repress skeletal myogenesis
Summary: The TAZ protein, an effector of Hippo signaling that phase separates into biomolecular condensates in the nucleus, is shown to hold myogenic cells in an undifferentiated state by repressing a muscle-specific transcription complex.
Comparative analysis of vertebrates reveals that mouse primordial oocytes do not contain a Balbiani body
Highlighted Article: Cytoplasmic exploration of human, mouse and frog early oocytes showed that primordial oocytes have active organelles, and unlike human and frog, mouse oocytes do not contain a Balbiani body.
Peroxisomal support of mitochondrial respiratory efficiency promotes ER stress survival
Summary: Mitochondria and peroxisomes respond to endoplasmic reticulum stress to help promote cell survival by reducing accumulation of reactive oxygen species.
Embryonic hyperglycemia perturbs the development of specific retinal cell types, including photoreceptors
Summary: Hyperglycemia experienced during embryonic development in zebrafish has deleterious effects on photoreceptor differentiation that persist even after a return to normoglycemic conditions.
The Salmonella effector SifA initiates a kinesin-1 and kinesin-3 recruitment process mirroring that mediated by Arl8a and Arl8b
Summary:Salmonella replicates in host cells in a membrane compartment that it shapes with the help of host proteins; a molecular motor of the kinesin-3 family is involved in this process.
Regulation of Hook1-mediated endosomal sorting of clathrin-independent cargo by γ-taxilin
Highlighted Article: In clathrin-independent endocytosis, γ-taxilin negatively regulates sorting of Hook1-mediated cargo proteins into recycling endosomes by interfering with interactions between Hook1 and the cargo proteins.
Knockout of syntaxin-4 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes reveals new insight into GLUT4 trafficking and adiponectin secretion
Summary: Syntaxin-4 knockout reduces insulin-stimulated glucose transport, depletes levels of cellular GLUT4 and inhibits secretion of adiponectin but only modestly affects the translocation capacity of the cells.
Smaug1 membrane-less organelles respond to AMPK and mTOR and affect mitochondrial function
Highlighted Article: Smaug1 bodies contain mRNAs for mitochondrial enzymes and defective Smaug1 body formation impairs mitochondrial function. Adding to this interplay, Smaug1 bodies respond to changes in oxidative phosphorylation involving AMPK.
Direct evaluation of cohesin-mediated sister kinetochore associations at meiosis I in fission yeast
Summary: The direct evaluation of kinetochore associations on intact chromosomes demonstrates meiosis I-specific sister kinetochore association and its dependency on meiotic cohesin in fission yeast.
Septin-microtubule association via a motif unique to isoform 1 of septin 9 tunes stress fibers
Summary: Septin 9 isoform 1 has a unique motif targeting septin octamers to microtubules. Modulation of this targeting affects microtubule stability and actomyosin fiber distribution and tension in cells.
Phospholipase C-related but catalytically inactive protein acts as a positive regulator of insulin signalling in adipocytes
Summary: We demonstrate a novel mode of insulin signalling regulation in which the amount of insulin receptor on the cell surface is maintained at moderate levels to sustain activation of insulin signalling.
Inhibition of minor intron splicing reduces Na+ and Ca2+ channel expression and function in cardiomyocytes
Summary: Knockdown of minor spliceosome component U6atac in cardiomyocytes reveals that expression of the Na+ channel Scn5a and the L-type Ca2+ channel Cacna1c critically depend on minor intron splicing.
AMBRA1 promotes dsRNA- and virus-induced apoptosis through interacting with and stabilizing MAVS
Summary: Identification of AMBRA1 as a new regulator of dsRNA- or virus-induced apoptosis, and characterization of its role in interacting with and stabilizing a key adaptor (MAVS) in the apoptosis pathway.
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Call for papers: Cell and Tissue Polarity
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