Issues

Summary: TRP channels are molecular sensors for a wide spectrum of cellular stimuli and environmental cues. Here, we describe how they integrate this information into physiological and pathological responses.

Summary: Mutations in PP2A subunits are associated with neurodevelopmental diseases. Here, we provide an overview of biochemical and functional implications of the de novo mutations reported on PP2A subunits.

Summary: Autophagy is conserved in most eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes; this Review summarizes the evolution of autophagy proteins within eukaryotes, and for some of them, even from prokaryotes.

Highlighted Article: Super-resolution microscopy and density-based cluster analysis illuminate the arrangement of mitochondrial inner membrane proteins, providing insight into the cellular context of these proteins.

Summary: Activin A is internalised and signals through clathrin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis in differentiated endothelial cells, while in pluripotent stem cells macropinocytosis is not active.

Summary: Analyses of cells cultured on synthetic substrata revealed that substratum stiffness signals through CFTR and Ca²⁺ channels to regulate membrane voltage in mammary epithelial cells.

Summary: Electrophysiology and Ca²⁺-imaging studies revealed that Ca²⁺ influx via TRPV3, Ca_V3.2 and TRPM7 ion channels supports the filling of the Ca²⁺ stores in mouse oocytes and eggs.

Summary: Mutations of genes encoding presenilin lead to familial forms of Alzheimer's disease. We propose the sea urchin embryo as a model to study the expression of presenilin

Summary:In vivo evidence demonstrating that Mfn2 acts as an endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria tethering protein and regulates close contacts related to Ca²⁺ transfer in neuronal cells.

Summary: Destabilisation of complex I and its supercomplexes by removal of the assembly factor NDUF-11 severely affects balanced respiration, mitochondrial morphology and, ultimately, whole animal physiology.

Summary: Spc1 protects membrane proteins from being cleaved by signal peptidase, implicating a role in substrate sorting for signal peptidase.

Summary: SENP3 and SENP5 deSUMOylate Aurora A to suppress its hyperactivity on the spindle at metaphase. The SENP3/5-AurA axis regulates chromosome segregation to maintain genomic stability.

Highlighted Article: The precision and adaptability of cytoskeletal functions requires coupled activities of cytoskeletal subsystems. Fmn2 is a co-regulator of actin–microtubule dynamics necessary for neuronal chemotaxis.

Highlighted Article: KIF7 is regulated by auto-inhibition, and human disease-associated mutations cause uniform binding along cytosolic microtubules and/or increased primary cilium localization.

Highlighted Article: Fascin and focal adhesion kinase work in conjunction to regulate cell morphology during shape-altering processes such as furrow formation by controlling height and adhesion area, respectively.

Summary: Calpain cleaves the translesion DNA polymerase η and potentially prevents its premature removal from chromatin after UV irradiation, pointing to a role for calpain in DNA damage response.

Summary: We report a new method for quantification of nuclear import–export rates based on optogenetic reversible release of mitochondria-tethered proteins and validate the method using the transcription factors YAP1 and TAZ.