Issues

Summary: An outline of the processes by which epithelial tumours regulate their tumour microenvironment, and how new insights into tumour–microenvironment interactions have led to ideas on targeting it as treatments.

Summary: Traveling through the ER, Ca²⁺ is transported towards membrane contact sites with mitochondria or endolysosomes, where it plays key roles in the regulation of essential organellar biology, which are reviewed here.

Summary: This Review presents evidence that Notch signaling is directly and indirectly mechanosensitive, and discusses engineered and computational approaches to help unravel its complex dynamics.

Summary: Golgi stacks are scattered in the cytoplasm of Drosophila cells. Sec71 is required for separating Golgi stacks, as its impairment, for example, through brefeldin A (BFA) treatment, produces Golgi aggregations termed BFA bodies.

Summary:Mitochondrial activity and tethering with the ER are linked to compartmentalization of the translation initiation factor eIF4E to the polysomes, which controls miRNA-mediated repression and miRNA export.

Summary: A mitosis-specific centrosome-targeting domain of Cep215 binds Cep192 and phosphorylated Aurora A to play a role in maintaining the structural integrity of spindle poles during mitosis.

Summary: The Wilson disease protein ATP7B utilizes lysosomal exocytosis to export excess copper in hepatocytes. The retromer complex retrieves ATP7B from endolysosomes and recycles it back to the trans-Golgi network.

Summary: A refutation of a common hypothesis regarding Ca²⁺ control mechanisms of polycystin-2 – a primary cilia ion channel, the dysregulation of which causes autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Summary: Constitutively active and truncated EGFR transcriptionally represses integrins via a SHC–MEK signaling axis, and communicates with neighboring cells through TNFα to promote cooperative invasion.

Summary: USP8 interacts with and deubiquitylates TrkB neurotrophin receptors, regulating levels of both total and activated receptors and BDNF-dependent differentiation of hippocampal neurons.

Highlighted Article: CD301, a C-type lectin domain family 10 member, is driven by IL-4 and mediates macrophage fusion for the formation of multinucleated giant cells.

Highlighted Article: Heh1-S, the inner nuclear membrane protein resulting from Hub1-mediated splicing of HEH1 pre-mRNA, contributes to nuclear envelope maintenance by preventing excessive recruitment of the ESCRT adaptor Chm7.

Highlighted Article: Cells can use the interplay between functionally redundant but differentially regulated cell-cycle repressors in order to confer new repression capabilities and to respond to specific cellular conditions.

Highlighted Article: Yeast Mdh2 is dually localized to the cytosol and peroxisomes, and is targeted to peroxisomes via association with Mdh3 and a Pex5-dependent piggybacking mechanism.

Highlighted Article: As early as 12 hours after embryonic stem cells begin differentiating to trophoblasts, acetylated H2A.Z becomes enriched at the nuclear periphery; we find that loss of H2A.Z acetylation is followed sequentially by enrichment of dimethylated H3K9.

Summary: Development of a new image analysis toolbox called Trackosome and its use to study nuclear envelope oscillations during early mitosis and correlations between the trajectories of the centrosomes.