Issues

Summary: A review of the different techniques that can be applied to recapitulate the mechanical complexity of the cellular microenvironment and how these substrates have been used to gain new insights into mechanobiology.

Summary: This Review illustrates how studying septin biology during microbial infection can provide fundamental advances in both cell and infection biology, and suggests new concepts underlying infection control.

Summary: Accumulation of ArhGEF37 at dynamin 2-rich late endocytic sites yields increased rates of endocytosis.

Summary: The pathogen Shigella forms actin tails to move through the cytosol of infected cells. We show that the bacterial actin homologue MreB can help to position the autotransporter protein IcsA for such actin tail formation.

Summary: Rab3GEP plays an important, but not exclusive, role in organelle targeting of Rab27a, and the Rab3GEP DENN domain alone is insufficient to activate and target Rab27a.

Summary: The N-end rule pathway and Ubr1 enforce the compartmentalization of secretory and mitochondrial proteins through the recognition of cellular location signals embedded into the P2 residues of most proteins.

Highlighted Article: The intrinsic properties and synaptic inputs of posterodorsal medial amygdala neurons (classified as Class I and II) in rat are modulated by sex, estrous cycle and hemispheric lateralization.

Summary: Leishmania parasites regulate PD-1 signaling through the SIRT1/FOXO-1 axis to inhibit host cell apoptosis to allow infection establishment during early and late phases of infection.

Highlighted Article: Proximal tubular Ca²⁺ regulation is enigmatic. We identified a regulated Ca²⁺ entry in PT cells resulting in CaP crystal formation, which could be the rate-limiting step to prevent calcium stone formation.

Highlighted Article: XMAP215 binds F-actin in vitro and promotes microtubule–F-actin alignment in growth cones, which could be controlling cytoskeletal dynamics downstream of guidance cues, and thus, steering the axon during neuronal development.

Highlighted Article: In rodent beta cells, cortical F-actin rearrangements control the density of a cortical pool of mitochondria, which, in turn, regulates insulin secretion through local Ca²⁺ buffering.

Summary: We designed the mito-SinCe² method to quantitatively analyze states of mitochondrial dynamics and energetics in single cells. Mito-SinCe² analyses reveal energetic complexity in tumor-initiating cells.