Issues

Summary: This Cell Science at a Glance article illustrates how wall carbohydrates are synthesized, trafficked to the apoplast and incorporated into the cell wall.

Summary: A discussion of the unique navigating system for pollen tubes achieved by the male–female crosstalk that is required for the successful sexual reproduction of plants.

Summary: Subfamily X of EREB-DREB transcription factors are thought to act on either stress signaling or regeneration processes. We suggest that they co-activate both processes, thereby simultaneously protecting injured sites and initiating healing.

Summary: Studying sorting nexins (SNXs) has revealed unique aspects of plant endomembrane trafficking. In this Review, we present the current knowledge, and unclarified functions and perspectives on SNX-mediated plant protein recycling.

Summary: Plant peroxisomes are nodes at the crossroads of different metabolic pathways (nitro-oxidative metabolism, lipid mobilization and photorespiration) which also house relevant molecules (H₂O₂, NO, NADPH, Ca²⁺ and lipid-derived signals).

Summary: The transition from algae to land plants included the transition from housing a single to multiple plastids per cell. We review why this might be so and how this monoplastidic bottleneck might have been overcome.

Summary: Although cytokinesis commonly spans the shortest cell axis, plant development requires divisions across the longest cell axis, which can be up to 1 mm long. This Review addresses the mechanics of this process.

Summary: Here, we review the emerging common theme of cell surface receptor-mediated signaling in Arabidopsis, and discuss how the convergent modules regulate divergent signaling outputs while maintaining specificity.

Summary: A review of the photo-relocation movement of chloroplasts, which is mediated by newly discovered chloroplast actin filaments that are localized at the leading edge of moving chloroplasts.

Summary: This Review highlights the use of some selected advanced imaging technologies and setups recently used in plant cell biology.

Summary: We identify the first endogenous substrate of plant i-AAA protease FTSH4. FTSH4 regulates levels of the essential protein import component Tim17-2 and thus mediates preprotein influx into mitochondria.

Summary: In Arabidopsis cotyledon cells, γ-tubulin ring complexes slowed down the microtubule depolymerization rates at the plus-ends, and promoted microtubule rescue events at the lattice.

Summary: Inhibitor assays reveal unique aspects of plant persistent synergid and endosperm cell fusion such as its independence from filamentous actin support and the importance of CDK-mediated mitotic control.

Editor's choice: Ca²⁺ is indispensable for the physiological functioning of peroxisomes in roots and leaves because its absence negatively affects the activity of key enzymes as well as the nitric oxide generation.

Summary: The spatiotemporal relationship between pavement cell chloroplasts and other organelles, and the differential stromule responses of pavement and mesophyll chloroplasts in Arabidopsis are presented.

Summary: In Arabidopsis, replication of active and inactive rDNA occurs during S phase progression. High-resolution data reveal the culmination of replication in the mid S phase in the nucleolus.

Summary: Efficient targeting of the Qc-SNARE BET12 is dependent on two distinct signal motifs. BET12 interacts with the Qb-SNARE MEMB12 and regulates trafficking of pathogenesis-related protein 1 in the early secretory pathway in Arabidopsis.

Summary: The spatiotemporal recruitment of AGD1, a plant ACAP-type ARF-GAP, to specific root hair plasma membrane domains is essential for maintaining symmetric tip growth in root hair cells.

Summary: PATELLINs are plasma membrane-localized proteins required for auxin-induced PIN1 relocalization and multiple developmental processes, including root meristem size development and embryogenesis.

Summary: The Elongator complex has a role in promoting hypocotyl elongation in darkness and upon light signaling during photomorphogenesis via the regulation of a growth-controlling gene network involving histone acetylation.

Summary: Cu²⁺ ions activate expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana ACS8 gene to promote ethylene biosynthesis and elicit a defense response that is dependent on the CuRE regulatory element.

Summary: The distribution of major hemicelluloses and cell wall-modifying enzymes in three charophyte green algae (CGA), representing the ancestors of land plants, relate to algal morphology and developmental stage.

Summary: The core compartment with cis-most Golgi proteins receives other Golgi components from the ER during Golgi regeneration after removal of brefeldin A, and is formed independently of the COPII machinery.

Summary: p24 δ-1 subclass proteins play a role in COPI-dependent Golgi-to-ER transport of the K/HDEL receptor ERD2 as well as in the structure of the Golgi in Arabidopsis.

Summary: Quiescent cell division at the stem cell niche is activated by exogenous brassinosteroid signals and points to the brassinosteroid hormone as a limiting factor for stem cell division.