Issues

Summary: HEAT repeats, repetitive arrays of amphiphilic helices found in many eukaryotic proteins, flexibly change their own conformations and support dynamic protein–protein interactions in crowded environments in the cell.

Summary: Recent advances in understanding the bidirectional trafficking pathway between the Golgi and the endosomes are discussed, including how they have helped to exemplify and put together long-debated models of transport.

Summary: Direct physical and functional calsequestrin 2 association with the ryanodine receptor luminal domain is the minimal requirement to form the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ sensor, which governs cardiac Ca²⁺ homeostasis and reliable heartbeat.

Highlighted Article: Kiss-and-run and cavicapture are the dominant mechanisms associated with granule replenishment in mast cells after IgE-mediated degranulation.

Summary: We identify a Hedgehog-pathway-associated ubiquitin ligase adapter as a direct interaction partner of the deubiquitylase USP21 and discover a close interplay between USP21 and protein kinase A in regulating Gli1.

Highlighted Article: Meiotic chromosomes are segregated asymmetrically in anaphase, and the phragmoplast dynamically adjusts its location to correct for metaphase spindle misplacement within the cell volume.

Summary: We show that the RNA-binding protein HuR plays a key role in controlling expression of multiple components of the nuclear import machinery, presenting a new mechanism by which nuclear import of proteins is regulated.

Highlighted Article: Acsl, the Drosophila ortholog of the long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4), inhibits synaptic growth by upregulating C16:1 fatty acyls and downregulating the abundance of raft-associated lipids.

Summary: The Rho GTPase Rnd3 is known to alter cell shape and the actin cytoskeleton. Here, the semaphorin receptor plexin-B2 is identified as a new Rnd3 partner that mediates its effects on cell shape.

Highlighted Article: Oleate-inducible targeting of malate synthases into yeast peroxisomes is facilitated by the newly identified PTS1 receptor Pex9p, which exhibits a strong selectivity for these isoenzymes.

Highlighted Article: A high-content screen uncovered many changes in protein localization in yeast grown in oleate and highlighted a new condition-specific peroxisomal protein, Pex9, which targets a subset of proteins to peroxisomes.

Summary: Analysis of ChIP-seq data revealed a cohort of dual MEF2 and AP-1 target genes involved in cytoskeletal organization. Regulation of Hspb7 by MEF2 and AP-1 was further characterized in models of muscle atrophy.

Highlighted Article: VEGFR2 internalises constitutively through clathrin-mediated endocytosis, whereas VEGF induces a new internalisation itinerary for VEGFR2 through macropinocytosis, which is essential for its signalling.

Summary: Translation affects adhesion and invasion potential of spreading initiation centers (SICs) producing mesenchymal cells, but not epithelial cells, which are deprived of SICs

Summary: In a new yeast model of ALS we have discovered for the first time that mutations in Sod1 can lead to the formation of toxic, soluble proteins that disrupt metabolic regulation.

Summary: The cancer-promoting phosphatase PRL-3 triggers ectopic lumen formation through midbody mispositioning by accelerating cytokinesis, suggesting a new oncogenic mechanism.

Summary: Nuclear localization of the glucocorticoid receptor that is dependent on the time of day is altered at the post-translational level by the absence of REV-ERBα, affecting expression GR target genes.