Preliminary.—The object of the present essay is to give, in a concise form, the actual phase which those speculations have assumed, which Ifirst put forward in an article entitled, “On the Germinal Layers of the Embryo as the Basis of the Genealogical Classification of Animals,” published in the ‘Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist.,’ May, 1873. The points of chief importance in that article were the indication of three grades of developmental complexity in the animal kingdom—the homoblastic, limited to the Protozoa; the diploblastic, reaching no higher than the Zoophytes or Cœlentera; and the tripoblastic, embracing all the higher animals which differ from the Zoophytes built up by the modification of two primary cell-layers, in the fact that a third cell-layer appears between these two, and gives rise to muscles, body-cavity, and blood-vascular systems. The precise origin of this third germ-layer, as well as its exact relation to body-cavity...
Notes on the embryology and classification of the animal kingdom : Comprising a revision of speculations relative to the origin and significance of the germ-layers.
- Views Icon Views
-
Article Versions Icon
Versions
- Version of Record 01 October 1877
- Share Icon Share
-
Tools Icon
Tools
- Search Site
E. Ray Lankester; Notes on the embryology and classification of the animal kingdom : Comprising a revision of speculations relative to the origin and significance of the germ-layers.. J Cell Sci 1 October 1877; s2-17 (68): 399–454. doi: https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.s2-17.68.399
Download citation file:
Sign in
Client Account
Sign in via your institution
Sign in via ShibbolethAdvertisement
Cited by
2024 Journal Meeting 'Diversity and Evolution in Cell Biology'

Registration is open for our 2024 Journal Meeting Diversity and Evolution in Cell Biology, which aims to bring together evolutionary biologists and cell biologists investigating diverse aspects of cellular physiology. Early-bird deadline is 19 January 2024.
FocalPlane image competition winner: Rebecca Simkin

We are delighted to announce that the winner of the 2023 FocalPlane image competition is Rebecca Simkin. Rebecca’s image, ‘Neuromuscular junctions’, depicts four NMJs in a lumbrical muscle, located in the hind paw of a wildtype mouse. Read the full interview here.
Reasons to submit to Journal of Cell Science

There are many benefits to publishing in Journal of Cell Science - read more about why you should choose JCS or visit our submission page now.
Say hello, wave goodbye

Read & Publish: what authors say

We have had wonderful feedback from authors who have published in our journal and benefitted from Read & Publish agreements arranged by their institutional libraries. Read about their experiences.