.... It also reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in intestinal cells. ROS activate the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, which induces cellular stress and cell death. Aripiprazole increased JNK activation in the intestinal cells of flies...

... with fragility fractures. Oxidative stress, which results from elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and arises in the aging organism, is considered one of the critical factors contributing to osteoporosis. Mitochondrial (mt)ROS, as the superoxide anion (O 2 − ) generated during mitochondrial...