... infiltrations and production of autoantibodies that resemble those observed in APECED patients, making the rat model a main research asset. In addition, ex vivo models of AIRE-dependent self-antigen expression in primary mTECs have been successfully set up. Thymus organoids based on pluripotent stem cell...

... epithelial stem/progenitor cells and tissue engineering approaches to induce organoids that mimic in vivo salivary glands. In this study, we clarified that inhibition of activin receptor-like kinase (Alk) signaling was essential for the induction of human salivary-gland-derived organoids, and demonstrated...

... by H. pylori , Helicobacter felis and Helicobacter suis in rodents and large animals. We also discuss the more recent development of gastric organoid cultures from murine and human gastric tissue, as well as from human pluripotent stem cells, and the outcomes of H. pylori infection in these systems...