Issues

Summary: This Perspective explores the mechanistic insights and future research directions connecting Western lifestyle-induced changes in colonic epithelial physiology with the outgrowth of tumorigenic bacteria that contribute to colorectal cancer pathogenesis.

Summary: New mechanisms of sporadic colorectal cancer initiation link gut dysbiosis with recent concepts of parainflammation, paligenosis and bystander effects to drive chromosomal instability and malignant transformation in colon epithelial cells.

Summary: Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis is a heterogeneous and rare bone disease for which effective treatments are still lacking for many patients. Here, we review the literature on clinical, preclinical and proof-of-concept studies.

Summary: This Special Article discusses cutting-edge approaches to counter aberrant phase transitions in disease using protein disaggregase- and RNA-based strategies.

Summary: Central nervous system crush injury paradigm in adult Drosophilamelanogaster is a suitable model to study the cellular events, and genetic pathways behind injury responses and functional regeneration. We describe the immune responses of glial cells, neurons and macrophages following injury, and the functional relevance of each response.

Editor's choice: We show that Ccdc103 regulates myeloid migration and proliferation independent of motile cilia in zebrafish embryos, and that CCDC103 mutations underlying primary ciliary dyskinesia abrogate interactions with the microtubule-stabilizing protein SPAG6.

Summary: Combining atorvastatin with ambrisentan is safe and effective in reducing intrahepatic resistance and portal hypertension in an experimental model of NASH. This liver histology amelioration highlights a promising therapeutic strategy.

Summary: Genome sequencing, transcriptome profiling and genetic mapping, with utilization of human transcriptome-wide association study data, identified 26 potential target genes that regulate blood pressure and related phenotypes in an animal model of hypertension.

Summary: Using a mouse model of breast cancer, the authors show mammary epithelial cell-type sensitivity to transformation by HER2, as well as a change in tumour phenotype associated with reproductive history and driven by WNT signalling.

Summary:Brca1^−/− mammary tumours expressing Sox11 at high levels have more stem- and tumour-initiating cells, and are less proliferative, whereas tumours expressing Sox11 at lower levels become more proliferative and are capable of morphogenetic/metastatic growth.

Summary: A novel established mouse model carrying a heterozygous splicing human mutation in the Hnf1b gene exhibits phenotypes similar to those of patients with renal cysts and diabetes disease.