... Neural stem cell Regeneration Retina National Institutes of Health EY032790-01 T32-GM133369 P20GM144230 R01EY026580 P30EY001765-45 T32-GM136577 T32EY007143-24 Brightfocus Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100006312 G2020315 National Science Foundation http...

... transcription factors with complex expression patterns. Retina Super-enhancer Organoid Retinal development Mutations in the Vsx2/VSX2 gene lead to microphthalmia in humans and mice due to a defect in retinal progenitor cell proliferation ( Burmeister et al., 1996 ; Ferda Percin et al., 2000...

...) regional apicobasal vertical-to-horizontal alignment. Using GliaMorph, we quantified MG development on a global and single-cell level, showing increased feature elaboration and subcellular morphological rearrangement in the zebrafish retina. As proof of principle, we analysed expression changes in a mouse...

... mouse retina, the Ikaros zinc-finger transcription factor Ikzf1 regulates production of early-born cell types, except cone photoreceptors. In this study we show that, during early stages of retinal development, another Ikaros family protein, Ikzf4, functions redundantly with Ikzf1 to regulate cone...

...-type versus adenomatosis polyposis coli downregulated 1 ( Apcdd1 −/− ) mouse retinas revealed that Lama2 mRNA and protein levels are increased in mutant vasculature with higher Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Mural cells are the main source of Lama2, and Wnt/β-catenin activation induces Lama2 expression...

... in the adult mouse and human retina, including a conserved region nearby Prdm1 , a factor implicated in the specification of rod photoreceptors and suppression of bipolar cell fate. VSX2 interacts with the transcription factor OTX2 and can act to suppress OTX2-dependent enhancer transactivation of the Prdm1...

... of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate enhances retinal permeability, suggesting their roles in the formation of the basement membrane and glycocalyx and maintenance of the retinal barrier. Retina Chondroitin sulfate Astrocyte Basement membrane Angiogenesis Glycocalyx National...

... and disrupted retinal cell proliferation and differentiation. Retinal ganglion cells were overproduced in Uhrf2 -deficient retinae at the expense of VSX2 + RPCs. Most other cell types were transiently delayed in differentiation. Expression of each member of the Tet3 / Uhrf2 / Tdg active demethylation pathway...

...Warren A. Campbell; Allen Tangeman; Heithem M. El-Hodiri; Evan C. Hawthorn; Maddie Hathoot; Sydney Blum; Thanh Hoang; Seth Blackshaw; Andy J. Fischer ABSTRACT A recent comparative transcriptomic study of Müller glia (MG) in vertebrate retinas revealed that fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs...

... the PE/M clearly suggests that Eya is functioning within these tissues to initiate patterning of the retina. Removing Eya from the PE/M (using c311-GAL4 ) at different times in development allowed us to determine that it is required in these cells until the middle of the second larval instar ( Fig...

...Françoise Helmbacher ABSTRACT Angiogenesis is a stepwise process leading to blood vessel formation. In the vertebrate retina, endothelial cells are guided by astrocytes migrating along the inner surface, and the two processes are coupled by a tightly regulated cross-talks between the two cell types...

...Huanqing Zhang; Pei Zhuang; Ryan M. Welchko; Manhong Dai; Fan Meng; David L. Turner ABSTRACT The mammalian retina contains a complex mixture of different types of neurons. We find that microRNA miR-216b is preferentially expressed in postmitotic retinal amacrine cells in the mouse retina...

...Robin M. Perelli; Matthew L. O'Sullivan; Samantha Zarnick; Jeremy N. Kay ABSTRACT Angiogenesis in the developing mammalian retina requires patterning cues from astrocytes. Developmental disorders of retinal vasculature, such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), involve arrest or mispatterning...

...Nicolas Lonfat; Su Wang; ChangHee Lee; Mauricio Garcia; Jiho Choi; Peter J. Park; Connie Cepko ABSTRACT The vertebrate retina is generated by retinal progenitor cells (RPCs), which produce >100 cell types. Although some RPCs produce many cell types, other RPCs produce restricted types...

...Shane D'Souza; Richard A. Lang ABSTRACT Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) serve as a crucial communication channel from the retina to the brain. In the adult, these cells receive input from defined sets of presynaptic partners and communicate with postsynaptic brain regions to convey features...

... principles. We report that inter-species blastula transplantations result in the ectopic formation of a retina formed by donor cells – a module. We show that the time taken for the retina to develop follows a genetic program: an ectopic zebrafish retina in medaka develops with zebrafish dynamics...

... 24 in total ( Nilsson et al., 2005 ) ( Fig. 8 A). Two eyes in each corner have a lens, the others are simple pigmented eye cups. The two complex eyes have a cornea, iris, lens, retina and pigmented layer ( Conant, 1898 ; Yamasu and Yoshida, 1976 ; Martin, 2004 ; Nilsson et al., 2005 ; O'Conner et...

... genesis and, given their widespread expression in the nervous system, raise the possibility of a general role in temporal patterning. This article has an associated ‘ The people behind the papers ’ interview. Fig. 1. Pou2f1 and Pou2f2 expression in developing mouse and human retinas. (A-F″) Co...

...Noah B. Goodson; Michael A. Kaufman; Ko U. Park; Joseph A. Brzezinski, IV ABSTRACT The transcription factor OTX2 is required for photoreceptor and bipolar cell formation in the retina. It directly activates the transcription factors Prdm1 and Vsx2 through cell type-specific enhancers. PRDM1...

... into neurogenic progenitors is key to harnessing the regenerative potential of the retina . Inflammation and reactive microglia are known to influence the formation of Müller glia-derived progenitor cells (MGPCs), but the mechanisms underlying this interaction are unknown. We used a chick in vivo model...