... interests. © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2014 Pattern Tension Mechanical stress Proliferation Bifurcation Arborized epithelial networks are found ubiquitously in the organ systems of animals as diverse as insects and mammals. Such branched epithelial tubes create...

...Valérie Ledent We examine how the posterior lateral line of the zebrafish grows and evolves from the simple midbody line present at the end of embryogenesis into the complex adult pattern. Our results suggest that secondary neuromasts do not form through budding from the embryonic line, but rather...

...Kira Gritsman; William S. Talbot; Alexander F. Schier ABSTRACT Spemann’s organizer plays an essential role in patterning the vertebrate embryo. During gastrulation, organizer cells involute and form the prechordal plate anteriorly and the notochord more posteriorly. The fate mapping and gene...

...Jarema Malicki; Wolfgang Driever ABSTRACT Mutations of the oko meduzy (ome) locus cause drastic neuronal patterning defect in the zebrafish retina. The precise, stratified appearance of the wild-type retina is absent in the mutants. Despite the lack of lamination, at least seven retinal cell types...

... decisions that configure global heart form and function. Some paradigms for cellular differentiation and for pattern generation may be borrowed from invertebrates, but neither Drosophila nor Caenorhabditis elegans suffice to unravel higher order decisions. Genetic analyses in mouse and zebrafish may provide...

...Craig E. Nelson; Bruce A. Morgan; Ann C. Burke; Ed Laufer; Enrico DiMambro; L. Charles Murtaugh; Ellen Gonzales; Lino Tessarollo; Luis F. Parada; Cliff Tabin ABSTRACT The vertebrate Hox genes have been shown to be important for patterning the primary and secondary axes of the developing vertebrate...

... that treatment of embryos with NiCl 2 can alter spicule number and skeletal pattern ( Hardin et al. (1992) Development , 116, 671-685). Here, to explore the tissue sensitivity to NiCl 2 , experiments recombined normal or NiCl 2 -treated PMCs with either normal or NiCl 2 -treated PMC-less host embryos. We find...

...R. Kelly Dawe; Michael Freeling ABSTRACT The near absence of cell movement in plants makes clonal analysis a particularly informative method for reconstructing the early events of organ formation. We traced the patterns of cell division during maize anther development by inducing sector boundaries...

... mother cell. 03 02 1989 © 1989 by Company of Biologists 1989 Drosophila development pattern mutant scute shaggy A rather precise pattern of sensory bristles develops on the notum of Drosophila . Exactly eleven large bristles, or macrochaetae, each of which has been...

...James G. Mcnally; Edward C. Cox ABSTRACT Whorls of the cellular slime mould Polysphondylium pallidum originate as spherical cell masses that during normal morphogenesis produce tips only at equidistant positions around their equator. We have observed a series of new patterns in whorls that differ...

... to the overlapping pattern of homeotic gene expression in the trunk segments, we observe a non-overlapping pattern in the head for those homeotic proteins required during embryogenesis. In contrast, the spatial accumulation of the protein product of the non-vital proboscipedia locus overlaps partially...

...) and the homeotic (morphological diversification) genes. Molecular studies of the activity of these genes has revealed spatial and temporal patterns of expression consistent with the requirements inferred from the mutant phenotypes but, in addition, these studies have revealed transient patterns which are difficult...

... that, despite considerable variation in nerve pattern not seen in higher vertebrates, neuromuscular specificity in the axolotl limb is established largely by local pathway cues guiding axons to their appropriate targets. 1 Authors present address: Department of Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor...

...Michael Akam ABSTRACT The metameric organization of the Drosophila embryo is generated in the first 5 h after fertilization. An initially rather simple pattern provides the foundation for subsequent development and diversification of the segmented part of the body. Many of the genes that control...

...Jenny J. Brookman; Keith A. Jermyn; Robert R. Kay The Dictyostelium slug contains a simple anterior-posterior pattern of prestalk and prespore cells. It is likely that DIF, the morphogen which induces stalk cells, is involved in establishing this pattern. Previous work has shown that a number...

... of chick embryos . Physiol. Zool . 13 , 367 – 384 . 10.1086/physzool.13.4.30151585 Hinchliffe , J. R. & Griffiths , P. J. ( 1983 ). The patterns in tetrapod line development and their phylogenetic significance . In Development and Evolution (ed. B. C. Goodwin , N...

... skin caused only minor defects to the normal skeletal pattern. When dorsal or ventral skin was replaced, however, regenerates often lacked dorsal or ventral muscle. Results from the lower arm were different in that replacement of any half of limb skin failed to cause defects either in the skeletal...

... of limb types was found. These included four-digit limbs of normal cartilage pattern, and hypomorphic limbs having from one to three digits. All of the double dorsal and the majority of the double ventral limbs were symmetrical in the dorsal–ventral axis. This was detected by analysing their muscle...

..., whilst the size of their constituent organelles is probably not so regulated. It is supposed that the patterning of normal-size organelles into large oral structure may lead to the observed deformations in the shape of the mouthparts. Oral organelles were studied in cells belonging to three groups...

... and regional differences were shown in the regenerative and regulative abilites of the different halves. Posterior half stumps regenerated limbs with a mean digit number of 3·9 and had a normal dorsoventral muscle pattern. Anterior halves produced hypomorphic limbs with a mean digit number of 1·2 while dorsal...