... of hypothalamic neuronal populations, but it heavily affects hypothalamic oligodendrocytes. Using selective reactivation of the mutant TRα1 during specific developmental periods, we find that early postnatal thyroid hormone action seems to be crucial for proper hypothalamic oligodendrocyte maturation. Taken...

...Joana Paes de Faria; Raquel S. Vale-Silva; Reinhard Fässler; Hauke B. Werner; João B. Relvas ABSTRACT The extensive morphological changes of oligodendrocytes during axon ensheathment and myelination involve assembly of the Ilk-Parvin-Pinch (IPP) heterotrimeric complex of proteins to relay essential...

...Koji Tanabe; Hiroko Nobuta; Nan Yang; Cheen Euong Ang; Philip Huie, Jr; Sacha Jordan; Michael C. Oldham; David H. Rowitch; Marius Wernig ABSTRACT Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system, possess great potential for disease modeling and cell transplantation-based...

..., plasticity and repair of the central nervous system (CNS). It relies on the interaction of the axons and the oligodendrocytes: the glial cells producing CNS myelin. Here, we have investigated the role of a crucial component of the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signalling pathway, the co-receptor Boc, in developmental...

... is incomplete. In mice, under basal conditions, adult hippocampal neural stem cells (AH-NSCs) generate neurons and astrocytes, but not oligodendrocytes. The factors limiting oligodendrocyte production, however, remain unclear. Here, we reveal that the transcription factor NFIX plays a key role in this process...

...Harwin Sidik; William S. Talbot Precise control of oligodendrocyte migration and development is crucial for myelination of axons in the central nervous system (CNS), but important questions remain unanswered about the mechanisms controlling these processes. In a zebrafish screen for myelination...

... system Oligodendrocyte Since their discovery over a century ago, glia were thought for a long time to function only to support neurons passively. We now appreciate that glia function as master regulators of the nervous system, controlling numerous aspects of nervous system development...

...Bilal E. Kerman; Hyung Joon Kim; Krishnan Padmanabhan; Arianna Mei; Shereen Georges; Matthew S. Joens; James A. J. Fitzpatrick; Roberto Jappelli; Karen J. Chandross; Paul August; Fred H. Gage Myelination in the central nervous system is the process by which oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths...

... In the embryonic CNS, development of myelin-forming oligodendrocytes is limited by bone morphogenetic proteins, which constitute one arm of the transforming growth factor-β (Tgfβ) family and signal canonically via Smads 1/5/8. Tgfβ ligands and Activins comprise the other arm and signal via Smads 2/3...

...Rafael G. Almeida; Tim Czopka; Charles ffrench-Constant; David A. Lyons The majority of axons in the central nervous system (CNS) are eventually myelinated by oligodendrocytes, but whether the timing and extent of myelination in vivo reflect intrinsic properties of oligodendrocytes...

... system. Whereas most proprioceptive axons enter the spinal cord medially, cutaneous axons typically do so laterally. Because heavily myelinated proprioceptive axons project to the ventral spinal cord, proprioceptive axons and their associated oligodendrocytes avoid the superficial dorsal horn. However...

... previously reported that NG2 cells generate oligodendrocytes in both gray and white matter and a subset of protoplasmic astrocytes in the gray matter of the ventral forebrain and spinal cord. To investigate the temporal changes in NG2 cell fate, we generated NG2creER™BAC transgenic mice, in which tamoxifen...

...Jingyang Zhong; Hyoung-Tai Kim; Jungmook Lyu; Kazuaki Yoshikawa; Masato Nakafuku; Wange Lu GABAergic neurons and oligodendrocytes originate from progenitors within the ventral telencephalon. However, the molecular mechanisms that control neuron-glial cell-fate segregation, especially how extrinsic...

..., relatively little is known about FGF in this process. In this report we identify an FGF-receptor-dependent pathway in zebrafish hindbrain neural progenitors that give rise to somatic motoneurons, oligodendrocyte progenitors and differentiating astroglia. Using a combination of chemical and genetic approaches...

...Michiya Sugimori; Motoshi Nagao; Carlos M. Parras; Hiroko Nakatani; Mélanie Lebel; François Guillemot; Masato Nakafuku Development of oligodendrocytes, myelin-forming glia in the central nervous system (CNS), proceeds on a protracted schedule. Specification of oligodendrocyte progenitors (OLPs...

...Xiaoqin Zhu; Dwight E. Bergles; Akiko Nishiyama NG2 glia constitute a fourth major glial cell type in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) that is distinct from other cell types. Although circumstantial evidence suggests that some NG2 glia differentiate into oligodendrocytes, their in vivo...

... of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. Here, we generated two novel hypomorphic Sox10 alleles in the mouse. Mutant mice either expressed a Sox10 protein with a triple alanine substitution in the dimerization domain,or a Sox10 protein with a deletion in the central portion that we define as a cell-specific...

... system (CNS)myelination. Here, we report that the myelinating glia of the CNS,oligodendrocytes, express and use dystroglycan receptors to regulate myelin formation. In the absence of normal dystroglycan expression, primary oligodendrocytes showed substantial deficits in their ability to differentiate...

... because several developmental processes, including enteric nervous system development and oligodendrocyte differentiation, are regulated by both Sox proteins. To analyze the extent of functional equivalence between the two Sox proteins, we employed targeted mutagenesis to replace Sox10 with Sox8...

...Marc Fuccillo; Murielle Rallu; Andrew P. McMahon; Gord Fishell Hedgehog signaling is required for multiple aspects of brain development,including growth, the establishment of both dorsal and ventral midline patterning and the generation of specific cell types such as oligodendrocytes...