... to the formation of the brain and spinal cord, and its failure leads to neural tube defects (NTDs). Although we are rapidly learning the genetic mechanisms underlying NTDs, the biomechanical aspects are largely unknown. To understand the correlation between NTDs and tissue stiffness during neural tube closure (NTC...

... of elevated noggin expression in Grhl2 −/− embryos leads to rescue of epithelial morphology and partially restores maxillary prominence size and neural tube closure. Craniofacial development Transcription factor Epithelia Cleft lip/palate Neural tube defects Grhl2 Mouse National Health...

...Olga A. Balashova; Olesya Visina; Laura N. Borodinsky Folate supplementation prevents up to 70% of neural tube defects (NTDs), which result from a failure of neural tube closure during embryogenesis. The elucidation of the mechanisms underlying folate action has been challenging. This study...

... malformations – ‘neural tube defects’ – that result when closure fails. The process of neural tube closure is complex and involves cellular events such as convergent extension, apical constriction and interkinetic nuclear migration, as well as precise molecular control via the non-canonical Wnt/planar cell...

...), validating the biological significance of our results ( Moeller et al., 2004 ; Tanoue and Takeichi, 2004 ; Ishiuchi et al., 2009 ). The finding that Fat1 binds Mena and Vasp is exciting, as loss of Mena/Vasp causes NTDs ( Menzies et al., 2004 ), providing a potential mechanism for neural tube defects...

... Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed. Neural tube defects...

... epithelium. We have generated Grhl2 mutant mice to demonstrate defective molecular composition of the apical junctional complex in these compartments that coincides with the occurrence of anterior and posterior neural tube defects. Mechanistically, we show that Grhl2 specifically associates with cis...

... and embryonic survival in HAI2-deficient embryos were completely restored by the simultaneous genetic inactivation of matriptase. However, neural tube defects were detected in HAI2-deficient mice even in the absence of matriptase, although at lower frequency, indicating that the inhibition of additional serine...

... 2007 © 2007. 2007 Neurulation Morphogenesis Neural tube defects Noggin Sonic hedgehog Mouse Zic genes Neurulation is the process in which the neural plate bends and fuses to form the neural tube - the developmental forerunner of the brain and spinal cord. Understanding...

... a cell-autonomous defect of convergent extension, requiring PCP signalling via RhoA-Rho kinase, during the development of severe neural tube defects in the mouse. § Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) * These authors contributed equally to this work † Present...

... by the detection on northern blots of a single transcript of 1.8 kb, which corresponds to the predicted size of the transgene mRNA ( Fig. 1 B). Gross morphologic examination of transgenic embryos revealed two types of severe neural tube defects. All transgenic mice derived from the 5 founders showed either...

.... Recovery from the anion exchange column was 99.3±0.4%. The efficiency of scintillation counting was 87.1%. 12 2 2002 © 2002. 2002 Chlorate Glycosaminoglycans Heparan sulphate Neural tube defects Patched Proteoglycans Sonic hedgehog Extracellular matrix Neurulation...

... embryo and may reflect a general conservation of control mechanisms in vertebrate convergent extension. *Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 16 4 2001 © 2001. 2001 Dishevelled Wnt Convergent extension Neural tube defects Xenopus...

...Jun Li; Kenneth C. Liu; Fuzi Jin; Min Min Lu; Jonathan A. Epstein ABSTRACT Pax3-deficient Splotch mice display neural tube defects and an array of neural crest related abnormalities including defects in the cardiac outflow tract, dorsal root ganglia and pigmentation. Pax3 is expressed in neural...

..., respectively, and (2) the preventive effect of maternally administered retinoic acid (5 mg/kg) on spinal neural tube defects in curly tail ( ct/ct ) mice. Using in situ hybridisation and computerised image analysis we show here that in ct/ct embryos, RAR-β transcripts are deficient in the hindgut endoderm...

...J. Peter Estibeiro; Frances A. Brook; Andrew J. Copp ABSTRACT The mouse mutations splotch ( Sp ) and curly tail ( ct ) both produce spinal neural tube defects with closely similar morphology, but achieve this by different embryonic mechanisms. To determine whether the mutants may interact during...

... =82) by gross examination, progeny testing and quantitative analysis of glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) isozyme levels. An all-or-none craniorachischisis in Loop-tail mutant chimeras was observed. Two multicolored adult chimeras, without any gross evidence of a neural tube defect, were shown...

...Andrew J. Copp; John A. Crolla; Frances A. Brook ABSTRACT Homozygous mutant curly tail mouse embryos developing spinal neural tube defects (NTD) exhibit a celltype-specific abnormality of cell proliferation that affects the gut endoderm and notochord but not the neuroepithelium. We suggested...

...Andrew J. Copp; Frances A. Brook; Heather J. Roberts ABSTRACT The mouse mutant curly tail (ct) provides a model system for studies of neurulation mechanisms. 60 % of ct/ct embryos develop spinal neural tube defects (NTD) as a result of delayed neurulation at the posterior neuropore whereas...

... ) may lead to an understanding of the range of values under which normal neural tube closure occurs. If any of these ranges are narrow, we may then have an explanation of the high frequency of neural tube defects and the critical nature of neural tube closure. Of course, it will eventually...