... subtypes and improved the previous cell-type classifications. The developmental mechanisms generating the domains of the PNS reveal a range of embryonic strategies, including a variety of cell sources, such as migratory neural crest cells, placodal neurogenic cells and even recruited nerve-associated...

... are in bones of neural crest (NC) origin, and that mineralisation of the Dp1Tyb skull base synchondroses is aberrant. Furthermore, we show that increased dosage of Dyrk1a results in decreased NC cell proliferation and a decrease in size and cellularity of the NC-derived frontal bone primordia. Thus, DS...

... is required for tongue morphogenesis and tongue muscle organization, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Here we demonstrate that the Foxf1/Foxf2 transcription factors act in the cranial neural crest cell (CNCC)-derived mandibular mesenchyme to control myoblast migration into the tongue...

... is the most common extracranial solid tumour in children, accounting for ∼15% of paediatric cancer deaths. This heterogeneous cancer arises from undifferentiated neural crest-derived progenitor cells. As neural crest cells are multipotent and migratory, they are often considered the embryonic paradigm...

...Tess A. Leathers; Crystal D. Rogers ABSTRACT Neural crest cells (NCCs) are a dynamic, multipotent, vertebrate-specific population of embryonic stem cells. These ectodermally-derived cells contribute to diverse tissue types in developing embryos including craniofacial bone and cartilage...

... the neural plate border, neural ectoderm and non-neural ectoderm. Subsequent morphogen signaling patterns the non-neuronal ectoderm to form epidermis, pre-placodes and neural crest regions. (B) Development and positioning of cranial placodes in the embryo (chick embryo illustrated as an example...

...Lomeli C. Shull; Ezra S. Lencer; Hyun Min Kim; Susumu Goyama; Mineo Kurokawa; James C. Costello; Kenneth Jones; Kristin B. Artinger ABSTRACT Cranial neural crest cell (NCC)-derived chondrocyte precursors undergo a dynamic differentiation and maturation process to establish a scaffold for subsequent...

... ion channel Piezo1 on the migration of the neural crest, a multipotent embryonic cell population. We identify that Piezo1 is required for the migration of Xenopus cephalic neural crest. We show that loss of Piezo1 promotes focal adhesion turnover and cytoskeletal dynamics by controlling Rac1 activity...

...Jason A. Morrison; Rebecca McLennan; Jessica M. Teddy; Allison R. Scott; Jennifer C. Kasemeier-Kulesa; Madelaine M. Gogol; Paul M. Kulesa ABSTRACT The dynamics of multipotent neural crest cell differentiation and invasion as cells travel throughout the vertebrate embryo remain unclear. Here, we...

... embryos, Sobp functions during early stages of inner ear development. Sobp Cranial placodes Neural crest Pre-placodal ectoderm Otic vesicle Branchio-oto-renal syndrome National Institutes of Health DE022065 DE026434 Hearing is an important component of human communication...

... that ablation of Srsf3 in the mouse neural crest lineage leads to facial clefting due to defective cranial neural crest cell proliferation and survival. Finally, we show that Srsf3 regulates the alternative RNA splicing of transcripts encoding protein kinases in the mouse facial process mesenchyme to regulate...

... embryonic lethality. Here, we showed that kindlin2 is essential for neural crest (NC) formation in Xenopus embryos. Loss-of-function assays performed with kindlin2- specific morpholino antisense oligos (MOs) or with CRISPR/Cas9 techniques in Xenopus embryos severely inhibit the specification of the NC...

... retroviruses allowed us to couple gene knockouts with long-term lineage analysis. We demonstrate the application of our newly engineered constructs and viruses by perturbing β-catenin in vitro and Sox10 , Pax6 and Pax7 in the neural crest, retina, and neural tube and segmental plate in vivo , respectively...

...Natalie J. Milmoe; Abigail S. Tucker ABSTRACT Within the developing head, tissues undergo cell-fate transitions to shape the forming structures. This starts with the neural crest, which undergoes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to form, amongst other tissues, many of the skeletal tissues...

...Manuel Rocha; Anastasia Beiriger; Elaine E. Kushkowski; Tetsuto Miyashita; Noor Singh; Vishruth Venkataraman; Victoria E. Prince ABSTRACT The neural crest is regionalized along the anteroposterior axis, as demonstrated by foundational lineage-tracing experiments that showed the restricted...

...Weiyi Tang; Marianne E. Bronner ABSTRACT Since its discovery 150 years ago, the neural crest has intrigued investigators owing to its remarkable developmental potential and extensive migratory ability. Cell lineage analysis has been an essential tool for exploring neural crest cell fate...

... of KS2 patients, it is not clear whether differences exist in clinical manifestations relative to KS1. We mutated KMT2D in neural crest cells (NCCs) to study cellular and molecular functions in craniofacial development with respect to UTX. Similar to UTX, KMT2D NCC knockout mice demonstrate hypoplasia...

...Wael Noor El-Nachef; Marianne E. Bronner ABSTRACT The enteric nervous system (ENS) is essential for normal gastrointestinal function. Although the embryonic origin of enteric neurons from the neural crest is well established, conflicting evidence exists regarding postnatal enteric neurogenesis...

... mutants possess severe colobomas and our data demonstrate that Mitf activity is required within cranial neural crest cells (cNCCs) during CF closure. In the absence of Mitf function, cNCC migration and localization in the optic cup are perturbed. These data shed light on the cellular mechanisms underlying...

... and experimental demonstration of the physiological relevance of such activities are rare. Here, we have used chick neural crest (NC) cells, a highly migratory stem cell population likened to invasive cancer cells, as a model for physiological epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We demonstrate that MMP14...