...Damilola Olatunji; Natalie M. Clark; Dior R. Kelley ABSTRACT Myosins are evolutionarily conserved motor proteins that interact with actin filaments to regulate organelle transport, cytoplasmic streaming and cell growth. Plant-specific class XI myosin proteins direct cell division and root...

... in the Caenorhabditis elegans early embryo. SPD-1 inhibition results in broadening of the contractile ring, creating an elongated intercellular bridge between sister cells at the last stages of ring constriction that fails to seal. Moreover, depleting anillin/ANI-1 in SPD-1-inhibited cells results in myosin loss from...

...-associated elasticity of the cell ( Levayer and Lecuit, 2012 ; Salbreux et al., 2012 ). Non-muscle Myosin II motor proteins then act on these filamentous actin networks to drive filament sliding and contractile force generation. Together, these actin and myosin (actomyosin) networks provide the forces...

... that the original work is properly attributed. Highlighted Article: Tbx16 and Tbxta activate myf5 and myod directly during the earliest myogenesis in zebrafish, and Fgf signalling acts through Tbx16 to drive myogenesis in trunk but not tail. Muscle Zebrafish Myosin Myod Myf5 Myogenin...

... withdrawal is independent of ECM degradation and is driven by myosin II-dependent contraction. These results reveal a surprising physical and functional cell-matrix uncoupling in a monolayer epithelium under tension during development. This article has an associated ‘The people behind the papers’ interview...

... of actomyosin activity, induces apical constriction, which is required for bottle cell formation during Xenopus gastrulation. Apical constriction Bottle cell Gastrulation RhoGEF Actin Myosin Xenopus National Institute of General Medical Sciences 10.13039/100000057 R01GM098566...

... of Drosophila . Cell   142 , 773 - 786 . 10.1016/j.cell.2010.07.042 Amano , M. , Ito , M. , Kimura , K. , Fukata , Y. , Chihara , K. , Nakano , T. , Matsuura , Y. and Kaibuchi , K. ( 1996 ). Phosphorylation and activation of myosin by Rho-associated kinase (Rho...

..., individual DBs elongate as a cluster of cells, led by tip cells at the front and trailing cells in the rear. Branch elongation is accompanied by extensive cell intercalation and cell lengthening of the trailing stalk cells. Although cell intercalation is governed by Myosin II (MyoII)-dependent forces during...

... neuroblasts as a model to study the apical constriction process during cell delamination. We observe dynamic myosin signals both around the cell adherens junctions and underneath the cell apical surface in the neuroectoderm. On the cell apical cortex, the nonjunctional myosin forms flows and pulses, which...

...Natalie C. Heer; Pearson W. Miller; Soline Chanet; Norbert Stoop; Jörn Dunkel; Adam C. Martin Tissue folding promotes three-dimensional (3D) form during development. In many cases, folding is associated with myosin accumulation at the apical surface of epithelial cells, as seen in the vertebrate...

... inhibition of miR-501 dramatically blunted the induction of embryonic myosin heavy chain (MYH3) and, to a lesser extent, adult myosin isoforms during muscle regeneration, and promoted small-diameter neofibers. An unbiased target identification approach in primary myoblasts validated gigaxonin as a target...

... that depletion of myosin regulatory light chain (RLC) levels in the embryo blocks force generation at gastrulation through two distinct mechanisms: destabilizing the myosin II (MII) hexameric complex and inhibiting MII contractility. Molecular dissection of these two mechanisms demonstrates that normal...

... understanding how the distinct cell biological processes that together drive apical constriction are coordinated. These processes include the contraction of actin-myosin networks, which generates force, and the attachment of actin networks to cell-cell junctions, which allows forces to be transmitted between...

...Akankshi Munjal; Thomas Lecuit Tissue morphogenesis is driven by coordinated cellular deformations. Recent studies have shown that these changes in cell shape are powered by intracellular contractile networks comprising actin filaments, actin cross-linkers and myosin motors. The subcellular forces...

... Actin Myosin Mouse Blood vessel network formation by sprouting angiogenesis involves a sequence of morphogenic events including the initial formation, guidance and extension of sprouts, anastomosis and lumen formation, allowing the formation of new vascular loops ( Potente et al., 2011...

...Catrin Sian Rutland; Luis Polo-Parada; Elisabeth Ehler; Aziza Alibhai; Aaran Thorpe; Suganthi Suren; Richard D. Emes; Bhakti Patel; Siobhan Loughna The expression and function of embryonic myosin heavy chain (eMYH) has not been investigated within the early developing heart. This is despite...

...). In response the PFCs generate an unidentified polarizing signal that regulates oocyte polarity. We have identified a loss-of-function mutation of flapwing , which encodes the catalytic subunit of Protein Phosphatase 1β (PP1β) that disrupts oocyte polarization. We show that PP1β, by regulating myosin activity...

... signals) slow myogenesis by stimulating the expression of slow myosin heavy chain. Also, fibroblasts promote the switch from fetal to adult muscle by repressing (via Tcf4-dependent signals) the expression of developmental embryonic myosin and promoting (via a Tcf4-independent mechanism) the formation...

... and regulation of actomyosin assemblies. We have analyzed the relationship between myosin and the polarity regulators Par-6, aPKC and Bazooka (Par-3) (the PAR complex) during amnioserosa apical constriction at Drosophila dorsal closure. The PAR complex and myosin accumulate at the apical surface domain...

... separation along the midline at rhombomere boundaries, subsequent openings within rhombomeres and eventual coalescence of openings into the hindbrain ventricle lumen. A mutation in the myosin phosphatase regulator mypt1 results in a small ventricle due to impaired stretching of the surrounding...