... for telencephalic development and that the interplay between Notch and miRNAs is essential for the control of neocortical progenitor behaviors and neuron cell fate decisions. Although the ChP is properly patterned and establishes a sharp boundary with the CH, we identified ectopic reelin + cells in the ChP...

... of microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the molecular function of submergence stress-induced miRNAs in physiological or developmental changes and recovery remains poorly understood. Here, we show that miR775 is an Arabidopsis thaliana -specific young and unique miRNA that possibly evolved non-canonically. miR775 post...

...Martina Dori; Daniel Cavalli; Mathias Lesche; Simone Massalini; Leila Haj Abdullah Alieh; Beatriz Cardoso de Toledo; Sharof Khudayberdiev; Gerhard Schratt; Andreas Dahl; Federico Calegari ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (∼22 nt) single-stranded non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression...

... provided that the original work is properly attributed. Highlighted Article: Axonal miR-26a can regulate GSK3β translation in the axon to promote retrograde communication to the soma in a mechanism that modulates axon development. GSK3β Axon Cortical neurons miRNA Polarity...

..., by modulating the canonical Notch pathway. Together, our results reveal a role for miR-124 in regulating the regeneration of a functional brain and visual system. Planarian Schmidtea mediterranea miR-124 Brain regeneration Photoreceptors Notch miRNA Fig. 2. Biophysical characterization...

... polymorphism in the miRNA binding site. Inhibition of miR172 activity by a miRNA target mimic resulted in compact spikes and transition from glumes to florets in apical spikelets. By contrast, overexpression of miR172 was sufficient to induce elongated spikes and non-free-threshing grains, similar to those...

.... Apical meristem Leaf dorsiventrality Adaxial-abaxial miRNA Pattern formation Summary: This Review revisits Ian Sussex's early studies of leaf dorsiventrality and describes our current understanding of the mechanisms that establish and maintain adaxial-abaxial leaf polarity. © 2016...

... organism. The apparent diversity in AGO-bound small RNA regulatory strategies in females prompts the question of whether those in males are similarly diverse. It is unclear whether siRNAs are essential for male gametogenesis in mice, and even less is known about their role in other mammals. As for miRNAs...

...Carlos M. Loya; Elizabeth M. McNeill; Hong Bao; Bing Zhang; David Van Vactor MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that play important roles in nervous system development and physiology. However, our understanding of the strategies by which miRNAs control synapse...

... cell miRNA During lung organogenesis, mesenchymal cells undergo active proliferation to support the continuous growth of the organ. Simultaneously, many cells are actively differentiating into the specific cell types that will populate the adult lung - such as parabronchial and vascular...

...Sarah J. Jackson; Zhaojie Zhang; Dejiang Feng; Meaghan Flagg; Evan O’Loughlin; Dongmei Wang; Nicole Stokes; Elaine Fuchs; Rui Yi MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in differentiation of stem cells. However, the precise dynamics of miRNA induction during stem cell differentiation have not been...

... germ layer specification, and that this early function is probably independent of the recognised role of Lin28 proteins in negatively regulating let-7 miRNA biogenesis. * Author for correspondence ( harry.isaacs@york.ac.uk ) Competing interests statement The authors declare no competing...

... plays an essential role in skeletal muscle regeneration in adult mice. Injured Mef2a knockout mice display widespread necrosis and impaired myofiber formation. MEF2A controls this process through its direct regulation of the largest known mammalian microRNA (miRNA) cluster, the Gtl2-Dio3 locus. A subset...

... ( vivian.irish@yale.edu ) Competing interests statement The authors declare no competing financial interests. 4 4 2012 © 2012. Arabidopsis miRNA Flower development The formation of boundaries between different cell populations is crucial for development...

...Monica Teta; Yeon Sook Choi; Tishina Okegbe; Gabrielle Wong; Oliver H. Tam; Mark M. W. Chong; John T. Seykora; Andras Nagy; Dan R. Littman; Thomas Andl; Sarah E. Millar MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the expression of many mammalian genes and play key roles in embryonic hair follicle development...

...: Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA § Author for correspondence ( wumin@bio.fsu.edu ) Competing interests statement The authors declare no competing financial interests. 11 2 2011 © 2011. 2011 miRNA Oogenesis Mitotic-to-endocycle switch...

... hybridization on plants with a strong hypomorphic allele of DICER LIKE1 ( DCL1 ), the Dicer responsible for miRNA biogenesis in A. thaliana ( Park et al., 2002 ). No miR172 signal was detected ( Fig. 1M ). We complemented the in situ hybridization studies of miR172 with analyses of its target AP2...

... expression is post-transcriptionally regulated by two microRNAs (miRNAs), miR-iab4 and miR-iab8, acting on target sites located in the 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) of Ubx mRNAs. Here, we show that during embryonic development Ubx produces mRNAs with variable 3′UTRs in different regions of the embryo...

...Holger Budde; Sebastian Schmitt; Dirk Fitzner; Lennart Opitz; Gabriela Salinas-Riester; Mikael Simons The generation of myelinating cells in the central nervous system requires the initiation of specific gene expression programs in oligodendrocytes. We reasoned that microRNAs (miRNAs) could play...

... by derepression of the p85β subunit of PI3 kinase and of Spred1,respectively. These studies demonstrate the regulation of angiogenesis by an endothelial miRNA, attribute previously described Egfl7 vascular phenotypes to miR-126 , and document inadvertent miRNA dysregulation as a complication of mouse knockout...